Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: The Social Value of Ornaments from Pueblo Bonito and Aztec Ruin

在帕特里夏·克朗博士的监督下，汉娜·马特森将对与查科文化、普韦布洛博尼托和阿兹特克遗址有关的两个最大的考古遗址中的装饰品的意义和用途进行她的论文研究。在11世纪和12世纪初，查科峡谷是一个复杂的文化体系的中心，延伸到北方美国西南部。普韦布洛博尼托（Pueblo Bonito）是位于查科峡谷的一个拥有800间客房的普韦布洛，在查科地区系统的全盛时期（公元950-1100年），它是主要的仪式和/或政治中心。阿兹特克遗址是一个有450个房间的建筑，位于查科峡谷以北60公里处，是13世纪峡谷社区衰落后的一个主要中心。跨文化研究表明，个人装饰往往是社会群体身份的关键视觉指标;在世界范围内，珠宝标志着各种社会差异，包括部落归属，性别，年龄，地位和意识形态信仰。在过去，装饰品也会传达这样的社会信息。考古学家在普韦布洛博尼托和阿兹特克遗址发现了大量的装饰品，特别是与墓葬和仪式结构中的其他独特文物有关的装饰品。因此，Ortagos是一个理想的人工制品类型，用于调查查科人身份的变化，在人口重组时期，代表了从普韦布洛博尼托到阿兹特克作为区域中心的转变。马特森女士的研究将推进社会身份和仪式实践的变化，伴随着人口动荡时期的知识。此外，她的研究集中在一个欠研究的人工制品类，装饰品，并包括博物馆收藏的研究，从来没有得到充分的分析，如从阿兹特克废墟的装饰品的收集。此外，这项研究还涉及在考古学中应用一种相对较新的非破坏性技术-使用分光光度计测量装饰品的颜色。这项研究还将通过加强几个国家公园和研究机构之间的伙伴关系产生更广泛的影响。这项研究的结果将在专业会议上提出，并提交国家期刊发表，以及提供给后裔土著社区。研究完成后，还将在各博物馆向当地珠宝商和公众展示。将在阿兹特克遗址国家纪念碑和查科峡谷历史公园为游客举办公开讲座。最后，作为哲学博士学位要求的部分实现，这项研究将有助于培养一名年轻科学家。

Under the supervision of Dr. Patricia Crown, Hannah Mattson will conduct her dissertation research on the meaning and use of ornaments from two of the largest archaeological sites associated with the Chaco Culture, Pueblo Bonito and Aztec Ruin. During the 11th and early 12th centuries, Chaco Canyon was the center of a complex cultural system that extended across the northern U.S. Southwest. Pueblo Bonito, an 800-room pueblo located in Chaco Canyon, was the major ceremonial and/or political center for the Chacoan regional system during its florescence (A.D. 950-1100). Aztec Ruin, a 450-room structure located 60 km north of Chaco Canyon, was a major center in the 13th century, after the decline of the canyon communities. Cross-cultural research has shown that personal adornment is often a key visual indicator of social group identity; worldwide, jewelry signals social differences of various kinds, including tribal affiliation, gender, age, status, and ideological beliefs. It is expected that ornaments would convey such social information in the past as well. Archaeologists have recovered large numbers of ornaments at both Pueblo Bonito and Aztec Ruin, particularly in association with other unique artifacts in burials and ritual structures. Ornaments are thus an ideal artifact type for investigating change in Chacoan identity in the period of demographic reorganization represented by the shift from Pueblo Bonito to Aztec as regional centers.Ms. Mattson's research will advance knowledge of changes in social identity and ritual practice that accompany periods of demographic upheaval. In addition, her research focuses on an understudied artifact class, ornaments, and includes the study of museum collections that have never been fully analyzed, such as the collection of ornaments from Aztec Ruin. Furthermore, the study involves the application of a relatively new and non-destructive technique within archaeology - the use of a spectrophotometer for color measurements of ornaments. This research will also have broader impacts by reinforcing partnerships between several national parks and research institutions. The results of this research will be presented at professional meetings and submitted for publication in national journals, as well as provided to descendant native communities. Upon completion, the research will also be presented to both native jewelers and the general public at various museums. Public lectures for visitors will be given at Aztec Ruins National Monument and at Chaco Canyon Historical Park. Finally, as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree, the research will aid in the training of a young scientist.