GeoSoilEnviroCARS: A National Resource for Earth, Planetary, Soil and Environmental Science Research at the APS

该合同将为GeoSoilEnviroCARS （GSECARS）提供操作支持，GSECARS是一个国家多用户设施，用于在阿贡国家实验室先进光子源（APS）使用同步辐射进行地球科学前沿研究。GSECARS为地球科学家提供了从第三代同步加速器光源获得高亮度硬x射线的途径。地球科学家需要的所有基于同步加速器的主要分析技术都被用于解决地球科学问题：(1)使用金刚石砧细胞的高压/高温晶体学和光谱学；(2)采用大体积压机进行高压/高温结晶成像；(3)粉末、单晶和界面衍射；(4)非弹性x射线散射；(5) x射线吸收精细结构光谱；(6) x射线荧光显微探针分析；(7)显微断层扫描。GSECARS的研究成果在APS数据库中产生了800多篇出版物（自2006年以来为360篇），包括博士和硕士论文。在GSECARS进行的研究将继续推进我们对土材料的组成、结构和性质、生产它们的过程和它们控制的过程的认识。APS和GSECARS的独特能力将继续允许在与nsf地球科学计划相关的研究领域进行开创性的实验，包括(1)高压矿物物理和化学，(2)高压下的非晶体和纳米晶体材料，(3)火成岩岩石学，(4)热液流体化学，(5)矿物质-水界面反应，(6)生物地球化学，(7)流体和固体的流动动力学，(8)地外物质的宇宙化学研究。由GSECARS设施支持的研究对社会具有广泛的影响，因为它解决了诸如碳封存、环境修复、纳米材料特性和地震产生等生活质量问题。GSECARS的主要任务是继续提供一个研究环境，使用户在规划和进行实验和分析数据方面得到专家协助。这种协作式的操作模式使学生和同步辐射新手可以使用该设施，这依赖于我们高素质的束线科学家和技术人员。GSECARS开发先进的硬件和软件，使全球许多加速器设施受益。GSECARS是世界上最重要的基于同步加速器的设施，致力于满足地球科学界的需求。

This award will provide operational support for GeoSoilEnviroCARS (GSECARS), a national multi-user facility for frontier research in the earth sciences using synchrotron radiation at the Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. GSECARS provides earth scientists with access to the high-brilliance hard x-rays from this third-generation synchrotron light source. All principal synchrotron-based analytical techniques in demand by earth scientists are being brought to bear on earth science problems: (1) high-pressure/high-temperature crystallography and spectroscopy using the diamond anvil cell; (2) high-pressure/high-temperature crystallography and imaging using the large-volume press; (3) powder, single crystal and interface diffraction; (4) inelastic x-ray scattering; (5) x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy; (6) x-ray fluorescence microprobe analysis; and (7) microtomography. Research at GSECARS has resulted in over 800 publications in the APS database (360 since 2006), including PhD and Masters theses. The research conducted at GSECARS will continue to advance our knowledge of the composition, structure and properties of earth materials, the processes that produce them and the processes they control. The unique capabilities of the APS and GSECARS will continue to allow groundbreaking experiments to be conducted in research areas relevant to the NSF-Earth Sciences program including (1) high pressure mineral physics and chemistry, (2) non-crystalline and nano-crystalline materials at high pressure, (3) igneous petrology, (4) hydrothermal fluid chemistry, (5) mineral-water interface reactions, (6) biogeochemistry, (7) flow dynamics of fluids and solids, and (8) cosmochemical studies of extraterrestrial materials. The research enabled by the GSECARS facility has broad impacts for society because it addresses quality-of-life issues such as carbon sequestration, environmental remediation, properties of nano-materials, and earthquake generation. The primary mission of GSECARS is to continue to provide a research environment where users receive expert assistance in planning and conducting experiments and in analyzing data. This collaborative mode of operation, which allows the facility to be accessible to students and synchrotron radiation novices, relies on our staff of highly qualified beamline scientists and technical personnel. GSECARS develops advanced hardware and software that benefits many accelerator facilities worldwide. GSECARS is the world's foremost synchrotron-based facility dedicated to serving the needs of the earth sciences community.