Doctoral Dissertation Research: Embodied Geopolitics of Everyday Life in Mostar, Bosnia-Herzegovina

为了了解波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那（BiH）的种族认同固化和消解的过程，本博士论文研究项目侧重于体现特定种族认同的日常活动和仪式，以及伴随它们的情感。前南斯拉夫地区种族认同的复杂性几乎总是与1990年代发生的残酷冲突联系在一起。特别是波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那（波黑）关于种族问题的主流政治言论，其特点是企图使不同种族之间的对立归化，并使暴力和建立种族同质地区合法化。民族宗派意识形态渗透到波斯尼亚社会的所有结构和机构，从政治和教育机构到宗教和文化机构；最重要的是，它在很大程度上构成了波斯尼亚人民的日常生活。因此，这个项目试图研究被称为“日常生活中的地缘政治”的世俗实践；具体来说，这项研究不仅考察了特定的人在日常生活中的特定地点所做的事情，而且还考察了他们在这些环境中感受到的感受和经历的情绪这一尚未得到充分研究的问题。本研究主要是对日常生活的定性调查，采用了参与观察、漫步、访谈、时空情绪日记等多种方法。研究地点位于波黑西南部的莫斯塔尔镇。这是一个历史背景，其当代社会空间景观是战争暴行的产物，民族主义意识形态的竞争，以及代顿波黑后行政种族划分下的动荡政治气候，在此期间，该镇被分为东部的“波斯尼亚人/穆斯林”和西部的“克罗地亚人/天主教徒”。本文进一步加深了我们对情感、情感与地缘政治之间关系的认识；因为，在对情感的非表征理论的几种批评中，有一种观点认为，它没有被用来理解真正的社会和政治重要性问题。此外，本研究在研究建筑环境的情感和情感维度时，采用了心理学中发展起来的一种创新方法；特别是，该项目使用了一种既定的投影技术，可以评估参与者在日常活动中的情绪和影响。从而推动了地理学中情感与情感的研究方法。更广泛地说，从这项研究中获得的见解将有助于我们理解当前欧洲多元文化主义面临的挑战。作为博士论文研究改进奖，该奖项还将提供支持，使有前途的学生建立一个强大的独立研究生涯。

In order to comprehend what processes are involved in solidifying, as well as dissolving ethnic identity in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), this doctoral dissertation research project focuses on the daily activities and rituals that embody a particular ethnic identity, as well as emotions that accompany them. Complexities of ethnic identity in the region of former Yugoslavia are almost always associated with the brutal conflict that occurred in the 1990s. Dominant political discourses on ethnicity in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) in particular, are marked with attempts to naturalize opposition between different ethnicities, as well as legitimize violence and creation of ethnically homogeneous areas. Ethnosectarian ideology permeates all structures and institutions of Bosnian society, from political and educational institutions to religious and cultural ones; most of all, it heavily structures the everyday life of people in Bosnia. As such, this project seeks to study the mundane practices of what has been called the "geopolitics of everyday life"; specifically, this research examines not only what particular people are doing in particular places in their daily life, but also the much under-studied issue of what they feel and what emotions they are experiencing in these settings. The research is a primarily qualitative investigation of daily life, based on deployment of multiple methods such as participant observation, walk-alongs, interviews and space-time-emotion diary. The site of the study is a town of Mostar, located in southwestern BiH. It is a historic setting, the contemporary socio-spatial landscape of which is the product of war atrocities, competing nationalist ideologies, and a volatile political climate created under the administrative ethnic partitioning of post-Dayton BiH, during which the town was segregated into a "Bosniak/Muslim" east and a "Croat/Catholic" west.The dissertation advances our knowledge of the relationships between emotions, affect, and geopolitics; for, among several criticisms of affect's non-representational theories is the claim that it has not been used to understand problems of real social and political importance. In addition, this research deploys, in the study of the affective and emotional dimensions of the built environment, an innovative methodology developed in psychology; in particular the project uses an established projective technique that enables the assessment of emotions and affect during participants' daily activities. In this way, this research advances methodologies of affect and emotion in geography. More broadly, the insights gained from this study will contribute to our understanding of the current challenges of multiculturalism throughout Europe. As a Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement award, this award also will provide support to enable a promising student to establish a strong independent research career.