Investigation of Emissions and Ozone Photochemistry over China and Their Environmental Impacts

中国经济的快速增长导致了污染物排放的大幅增加，但目前对其随后的化学演变、大规模大气输送和环境影响的了解有限。最近的观测证据表明，中国上空的光化学具有不同于当前3-D化学输运模型所考虑的特征。这些差异可能反映了当前模型中实施的化学方案的局限性，或者对中国快速反应芳烃排放量的严重低估。证据还表明，中国排放物的跨太平洋运输对美国西部上空的O3的影响越来越大。这项研究工作将通过对卫星和现场观测的分析以及相关的模式计算，提高对中国大气光化学及其大尺度影响的科学认识。具体研究目的是研究挥发性有机化合物，特别是芳烃对中国区域臭氧光化学的影响。通过这一努力将解决的研究问题不仅与目前对大气化学的认识有关，而且还将为评价经济发展的环境后果和探索有效的排放控制措施提供科学依据。通过该项目，一名研究生将获得建模和数据分析方面的支持和培训。研究结果将发表在期刊文章中，在讲座中向公众展示，并在研究生水平的大气化学课程中作为案例研究。中国科学家在研究工作中的合作将促进知识和技术的转移，从而有助于改善中国的空气质量，并间接改善美国的空气质量。

The rapid economic growth in China has led to large increases of pollutant emissions but current understanding of their subsequent chemical evolution, large-scale atmospheric transport, and environmental implications is limited. Recent observational evidence suggests that photochemistry over China has characteristics distinct from those considered by current generation of 3-D chemical transport models. These differences may reflect limitations in chemical schemes as implemented in current models or large underestimation of emissions for fast-reacting aromatics over China. Evidence also suggests an increasing influence of the trans-Pacific transport of emissions from China on O3 over the western United States. The research effort will improve scientific understanding of atmospheric photochemistry over China and the associated larger-scale implications via analysis of satellite and in situ observations and associated model calculations. The specific research objective is to investigate the effects of volatile organic compounds, particularly aromatics, on regional O3 photochemistry over China. The research problems that will be addressed through this effort are not only relevant to current understanding of atmospheric chemistry but will also provide the scientific basis for evaluating the environmental consequences of economic development and exploring effective emission control measures. One graduate student will be supported and trained in modeling and data analysis through the project. Results will be published in journal articles, presented to the public in lectures, and employed as case studies in graduate-level atmospheric chemistry courses. The collaboration of Chinese scientists in the research effort will facilitate the transfer of knowledge and technology and thereby help improve air quality in China and, indirectly, in the United States.