CPS: Medium: Collaborative Research: Architecture and Distributed Management for Reliable Mega-scale Smart Grids

摘要摘要(美国国家科学基金会1035906)：这项研究的目标是建立一个智能电网的基本框架，使可再生能源的大量普及，并促进即插即用应用的灵活部署，类似于用户连接到互联网的方式。该方法将整个网格管理视为一个自适应优化器，迭代地解决系统范围的优化问题，其中网络感知、控制和验证执行分布式计算任务，以在所有级别上实现可靠性，特别是在组件级、系统级和应用级。智力上的优点。在可靠性保证的共同主题下，将开发分布式监测和推理算法，以执行故障诊断并对所有危险进行弹性操作。为了获得高可靠性，网格系统设计将使用可靠的中间件来屏蔽底层软件世界的复杂性，同时通过消息传递和事务为网格应用提供服务。此外，将在多尺度能源供需状态估计的基础上，利用自动发电控制进行选择性负荷/发电控制，以确保系统中的负荷和发电保持平衡。更广泛的影响。设想中的智能电网体系结构是CPS技术的一个突出例子。在这一关键应用研究的基础上，这项合作努力将追求一种CPS架构，该架构能够将智能计算、通信和控制机制嵌入到具有活动和可重新配置组件的物理系统中。该团队与主要EMS和SCADA供应商之间的密切合作将为通过概念验证演示进行技术转移铺平道路。

Abstract Abstract (NSF 1035906): The objective of this research is to establish a foundational framework for smart grids that enables significant penetration of renewable DERs and facilitates flexible deployments of plug-and-play applications, similar to the way users connect to the Internet. The approach is to view the overall grid management as an adaptive optimizer to iteratively solve a system-wide optimization problem, where networked sensing, control and verification carry out distributed computation tasks to achieve reliability at all levels, particularly component-level, system-level, and application level. Intellectual merit. Under the common theme of reliability guarantees, distributed monitoring and inference algorithms will be developed to perform fault diagnosis and operate resiliently against all hazards. To attain high reliability, a trustworthy middleware will be used to shield the grid system design from the complexities of the underlying software world while providing services to grid applications through message passing and transactions. Further, selective load/generation control using Automatic Generation Control, based on multi-scale state estimation for energy supply and demand, will be carried out to guarantee that the load and generation in the system remain balanced. Broader impact. The envisioned architecture of the smart grid is an outstanding example of the CPS technology. Built on this critical application study, this collaborative effort will pursue a CPS architecture that enables embedding intelligent computation, communication and control mechanisms into physical systems with active and reconfigurable components. Close collaborations between this team and major EMS and SCADA vendors will pave the path for technology transfer via proof-of-concept demonstrations.