PFI:AIR - TT: Situational Awareness during Fire and Emergency (SAFE)

这个PFI: AIR技术翻译项目的重点是翻译无人机（UAV）技术，以满足在紧急情况下（如野火和结构火灾）产生实时、准确的态势感知的需求。该项目将开发一个原型系统，该系统由一架无人机和一个地面站以及相关软件组成，可以在野火和结构火灾场景中为消防“事件管理团队”提供先进的态势感知能力。这种基于无人机的系统具有以下独特的特点：i)易于消防专业人员管理无人机操作；Ii)快速部署；iii)实时获取和处理无人机收集的信息，以便不仅提供当前的态势图像，而且在发生野火时提供预测能力。与目前的方法（如基于载人飞机的监视、卫星图像和人工监视实践）相比，这些功能提供的优势包括降低操作成本和提高生命和财产的安全性。这个项目解决了从研究发现到商业应用的一些技术差距。例如，将无人机以遥测和流视频的形式采集的数据转换为消防员易于理解的直观形式，需要在实时视频处理、时空估计、多源信息的系统组合以及信息呈现和可视化等方面进行创新。类似地，消防专业人员的预期使用，他们不是训练有素的飞行员，以及其他实际限制要求无人机操作是自主的，算法是计算效率高的。该项目与来自托莱多大学技术转移办公室、Kayos企业公司、西弗吉尼亚州林业部门和辛辛那提消防部门的合作伙伴合作，指导商业化进程，增强研究能力，提供测试环境，并在从研究发现到商业现实的技术转化工作中提供对用户需求和观点的理解。拟议的基于无人机的技术很重要，因为它为野火和结构火灾事件指挥官提供了工具，使他们能够获得改进的态势感知，从而做出及时和明智的决策。预计这将大大节省成本，提高安全水平，减少生命和财产损失，并加强对环境的保护。随着无人机即将进入国家空域，本研究开发的技术在许多其他民用应用中具有广泛的潜力，如执法、边境巡逻和周边监视。该项目为未来的工程师、事故指挥官、无人机操作员和企业家提供培训，他们将在未来几年引领这一技术领域。此外，该项目将有助于美国在民用无人机应用领域的竞争力，并在五到十年内产生潜在的经济影响。

This PFI: AIR Technology Translation project focuses on translating Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology to fill the need of generating real-time, accurate situational awareness during emergency situations, such as wildfires and structural fires. The project will result in the development of a prototype system consisting of a UAV and a ground station with associated software that can provide the firefighting "Incident Management Teams" with advanced situational awareness capabilities during wildfire and structural fire scenarios. This UAV based system has the following unique features: i) ease-of-use by firefighting professionals in managing UAV operations; ii) quick deployment; and iii) real-time acquisition and processing of information gathered by UAV in order to provide not only a current situational picture but also predictive ability in case of wildfires. These features provide advantages including reduced cost of operation and improved safety of lives and properties as compared with current methodologies such as manned aircraft based surveillance, satellite imageries, and manual lookout practices. This project addresses a number of technology gaps as it translates from research discovery toward commercial application. For example, the conversion of data gathered from UAVs in the form of telemetry and streaming video into an intuitive form easily understandable by firefighters requires innovations in real-time video processing, spatio-temporal estimation, systematic combination of information from multiple sources, and information presentation and visualization. Similarly, intended use by firefighting professionals, who are not trained pilots, and other practical constraints require the UAV operations to be autonomous and algorithms to be computationally efficient.The project engages partners from the University of Toledo Technology Transfer Office, Kayos Enterprise, Inc., West Virginia Division of Forestry, and the Cincinnati Fire Department to guide the commercialization process, augment the research capability, provide a testing environment, and offer an understanding of users' needs and perspectives in this technology translation effort from research discovery toward commercial reality.The proposed UAV based technology is important because it puts tools in hands of wildfire and structural fire incident commanders so they can obtain improved situational awareness for making timely and informed decisions. This is expected to result in substantial cost savings, improved levels of safety, lower loss of life and property, and augmented preservation of the environment. With the imminent inclusion of UAVs in the national airspace, the technologies developed in this research have wide potential in a number of other civilian applications such as law enforcement, border patrol, and perimeter surveillance. This project provides training to future engineers, incident commanders, UAV operators and entrepreneurs who would lead this field of technology in years to come. In addition, the project will contribute to the U.S. competitiveness in the area of civilian UAV applications with potential economic impact within five to ten years.