US-UK Planning Visit: Anti-Zeolites for Anion Exchange

非技术性说明CNIC的这项提案寻求在加州大学圣克鲁斯分校的奥利弗小组和利物浦大学的福格小组之间开展一项新的国际合作。他们是世界上极少数专注于以阴离子为模板的阳离子无机材料的小组中的两个。该项目将把这些努力结合起来，以实现“反沸石”的目标：带有阳离子电荷的三维纳米多孔金属氧化物，可以选择性地捕获污染物阴离子，如铬酸盐、高氯酸盐和高氯酸盐。这一新的合作将极大地造福于两个群体的所有研究人员。一名毕业生和一名大四本科生将前往利物浦，为两个教育级别的学生提供最先进的培训。这位研究生将在利物浦度过四分之一的时间，他是一个代表性较低的少数族裔美国公民。福格集团还拥有专业技术，并可以在英国牛津郡的钻石光源获得现场粉末X射线衍射。这项数据收集将在对福格实验室的长期访问期间进行，以了解合成和阴离子交换的动力学和热力学。这样的理解将使我们能够针对感兴趣的阴离子污染物，并建立材料再利用的可逆性。Fogg是世界上为数不多的几个研究时间分辨原位能量色散X射线衍射以探索环境和水热条件下的动力学、机理和中间形成的PI之一。这一重要的见解将使我们能够优化新材料的合成和交换过程。这两个小组将通过多种技术参与产品的合成和表征。污染物捕集技术的进步将对饮用水的净化产生更广泛的影响，这是一个在21世纪将继续增长的关键问题。技术描述反沸石比阴离子交换树脂表现出更大的热稳定性和化学稳定性，并保持非均质状态，以便可能的补充和重复使用。到目前为止，金属构件是铜、银、Er、Yb和Th。该项目的主要目标是实现阳离子、纳米孔三维金属氧化物，其中孔的大小/形状可以通过选择阴离子模板剂来调节。这种对结构的控制将类似于沸石实现的控制(沸石只是阴离子，所以只能交换骨架外的阳离子)，并允许阴离子的大小/形状选择性分离。将结合两种PI的合成专业知识来设计合适的阴离子模板、金属源和合成条件，以诱导三维纳米孔结构。对结构-性质关系的理解将使地球能够使用丰富的金属构建块，如镁、铝或过渡金属。此外，孔隙率和选择性可以调节，以针对重金属污染物阴离子以及其他应用，包括催化和气体储存，如合成的框架所确定的。每一组可用的组合技术将为该项目提供前所未有的一套表征工具。

a non-technical explanationThis CNIC proposal seeks to initiate a new international collaboration between the Oliver group at UC Santa Cruz and the Fogg group at the University of Liverpool. They are two of very few groups worldwide which focus on cationic inorganic materials templated by anions. This project will combine these efforts towards the goal of ?anti-zeolites?: 3-D nanoporous metal oxides that bear a cationic charge and can selectively trap pollutant anions such as chromate, perchlorate and pertechnetate. This new collaboration will greatly benefit all researchers of both groups. One graduate and one senior undergraduate will make extended trips to Liverpool, for state-of-the-art training of students at both educational levels. The graduate student will spend one quarter in Liverpool and is an underrepresented minority U.S. citizen. The Fogg group also has expertise and access to in situ powder X-ray diffraction at the Diamond Light Source in Oxfordshire, England. This data collection will be conducted during extended visits to the Fogg lab for understanding the kinetics and thermodynamics of both the synthesis and anion-exchange. Such understanding will allow us to target anionic pollutants of interest and establish reversibility for reuse of the materials. Fogg is one of only a handful of PIs worldwide that studies time resolved in-situ energy dispersive X-ray diffraction to probe the kinetics, mechanism and intermediate formation under both ambient and hydrothermal conditions. This essential insight will allow us to optimize the synthesis and exchange processes of the new materials. Both groups will be involved in the synthesis and characterization of the products by multiple techniques. Advances into pollutant trapping would have broader impact on the purification of potable water, a critical issue that will continue to grow in the 21st century.a technical description Anti-zeolites show greater thermal and chemical stability than anion exchange resins, and remain heterogeneous for possible recharge and reuse. To date, the metal building blocks have been Cu, Ag, Er, Yb and Th. The major goal of this project will be to realize cationic, nanoporous 3-D metal oxides where the pore size/shape can be tuned via choice of anion templating agent. Such control of structure would be analogous to that achieved for zeolites (which are only anionic, so can only exchange extra-framework cations) and allow size/shape selective separation of anions. The synthetic expertise of the two PIs will be coupled to design a suitable anionic template, metal source and synthetic conditions to induce a 3-D nanoporous structure. An understanding of the structure-property relationships would allow the earth abundant metal building blocks to be used such as magnesium, aluminum or transition metals. In addition, the porosity and selectivity could be tuned for targeting heavy metal pollutant anions as well as other applications including catalysis and gas storage as determined by the synthesized frameworks. The combined techniques available to each group will give the project an unprecedented suite of characterization tools.