Nanochemical Control of Polymorphism in Transition Metal Chalcogenides

非技术摘要许多有用的和重要的技术依赖于含有过渡金属与硫、硒或碲结合形成的化合物的材料。这些所谓的金属硫属化物的性质取决于它们的晶体结构，或组成它们的原子的排列。一些有用的金属硫属化物系统可以形成几种密切相关的晶体结构，即使原子排列方式的微小差异也会显着影响它们的性质。因此，为了控制和调节金属硫属化物的性质，重要的是要了解如何控制它们的晶体结构。在固态和材料化学计划的支持下，研究小组正在研究化学方法，这些方法精确地针对金属硫属化物系统中一种特定晶体结构的形成，其中已知多种晶体结构。金属硫属化物的纳米级晶体具有使这些研究成为可能的独特特性，包括促进化学反应的能力，这些化学反应操纵其晶体结构的重要特征。从该项目中获得的知识对于生产与催化，电子和磁性应用相关的新材料非常有用。该项目为研究生和本科生提供研究，沟通，项目管理和推广方面的多学科培训。与本科研究小组的正式合作进一步扩大了培训和研究机会。此外，整个研究团队还致力于开发新闻短片和社交媒体内容，向公众展示以材料为重点的研究和研究人员的多样性。技术摘要过渡金属硫属化合物是一类重要的无机固体，具有广泛的应用，特别是作为纳米材料。支撑其应用的是综合实现精确控制特征的能力，包括直接影响性能的晶体结构和形态。在这个项目中，研究小组正在确定和理解导致稳定和亚稳态金属硫属化物多晶型物的可预测和选择性形成的反应参数，反应途径和材料特性。正在研究的主要材料系统包括使用直接合成方法和纳米颗粒化学转化反应制备的钴，铁和锰的硫化物和碲化钼。这一新知识正被用于克服形成新兴应用的几种高价值材料目标的重大化学瓶颈。该项目为研究生和本科生提供研究，沟通，项目管理和推广方面的多学科培训。该项目包括与本科生研究小组的正式合作，并让学生参与新闻剪辑和社交媒体内容的开发，以向公众展示以材料为重点的研究和研究人员的多样性。

NON-TECHNICAL ABSTRACTMany useful and important technologies rely on materials that contain compounds formed by combining transition metals with sulfur, selenium, or tellurium. The properties of these so-called metal chalcogenides depend on their crystal structures, or the arrangements of the atoms that comprise them. Some useful metal chalcogenide systems can form several closely related crystal structures, and even small differences in how the atoms are arranged can dramatically influence their properties. Therefore, in order to control and tune the properties of metal chalcogenides, it is important to understand how to control their crystal structures. With the support of the Solid State and Materials Chemistry program, the research team is investigating chemical methods that precisely target the formation of one particular crystal structure in metal chalcogenide systems where multiple crystal structures are known. Nanoscale crystals of metal chalcogenides have unique characteristics that enable these studies, including the ability to facilitate chemical reactions that manipulate important features of their crystal structures. The knowledge gained from this project is useful for producing new materials that are relevant for applications in catalysis, electronics, and magnetism. This project is providing a diverse group of graduate and undergraduate students with multi-disciplinary training in research, communication, project management, and outreach. A formal collaboration with an undergraduate research group further expands both training and research opportunities. In addition, the entire research team is engaged in the development of news clips and social media content for showcasing to the general public the diversity of materials-focused research and researchers.TECHNICAL ABSTRACTTransition metal chalcogenides comprise an important class of inorganic solids that enable a wide range of applications, particularly as nanoscale materials. Underpinning their applications is the ability to synthetically achieve precisely controlled features, including crystal structure and morphology, that directly impact properties. In this project, the research team is identifying and understanding the reaction parameters, reaction pathways, and materials characteristics that lead to the predictable and selective formation of stable and metastable metal chalcogenide polymorphs. The primary materials systems being studied include cobalt, iron, and manganese sulfides and molybdenum tellurides made using both direct synthesis methods and nanoparticle chemical transformation reactions. This new knowledge is being used to overcome significant chemical bottlenecks in the formation of several high-value materials targets for emerging applications. This project is providing a diverse group of graduate and undergraduate students with multi-disciplinary training in research, communication, project management, and outreach. The project includes a formal collaboration with an undergraduate research group and also engages students in the development of news clips and social media content for showcasing to the general public the diversity of materials-focused research and researchers.