CSR: Small: RF-Wear: Enabling RF Sensing on Wearable Devices for Non-Intrusive Human Activity, Vital Sign and Context Monitoring

可穿戴设备正以惊人的速度普及。如今，数以百万计的人每天都戴着健身追踪器和智能手表来追踪步数、心率和睡眠。然而，现有可穿戴设备中内置传感器的限制是限制可穿戴设备广泛影响的关键瓶颈。特别是，加速度计和陀螺仪只能感知它们所连接的身体部位的运动和旋转。麦克风和摄像头可以捕捉到丰富的信息，但随之而来的是严重的隐私问题。许多生理传感器，如呼吸和心电图传感器都是侵入式的，因为它们必须放置在身体的某些位置，并且需要紧密的皮肤接触才能发挥作用。本项目致力于突破可穿戴设备的界限，探索无线无线电作为可穿戴设备的一种新的感知方式，用于人类的身体活动、生命体征和环境感知。与可穿戴设备中现有的传感方式相比，无线电提供了一种非接触式和保护隐私的方法来捕获有关用户及其环境的丰富信息。其基本原理是，由不同的人类活动（身体、生理和环境）引起的人体不同部位的运动对无线电信号产生不同的变化。通过分析这些变化，可以识别导致变化的活动。基于这一原则，本项目旨在开展与探索可穿戴设备上基于无线电的传感目标相关的五个紧密耦合的研究任务：(1)研究无线电作为识别日常生活活动（ADLs）的全身运动传感器；(2)研究无线电作为监测生命体征的非接触式生理传感器；(3)研究无线电作为上下文传感器，用于识别用户正在与之交互的对象；(4)将所有内容整合在一起，使用单一的无线电传感模式同时识别adl，监测生命体征和识别环境；(5)开发功耗感知方案，最大限度地降低可穿戴设备的功耗。该项目将促进对可穿戴设备上基于无线电的传感的认识和理解。它有可能从根本上改变目前已知的可穿戴设备。如果成功，该项目不仅将为可穿戴设备上基于无线电的传感做出理论贡献，而且还将产生一个原型平台，在医疗保健、娱乐、社会计算和教育等领域开辟一个新的应用领域。

Wearable devices are growing in popularity at a tremendous rate. Today, millions of people wear fitness trackers and smart watches on a daily basis to track steps, heart rates and sleep. However, the constraints of the built-in sensors in existing wearable devices act as key bottlenecks that limit the broader impact of wearable devices. In particular, accelerometers and gyroscopes can only sense motion and rotation of body parts to which they are attached. Microphones and cameras can capture rich information but come with severe privacy concerns. Many physiological sensors such as respiration and electrocardiogram sensors are intrusive in that they must be placed at certain body locations and require tight skin contact to function. This project focuses on pushing the boundaries of wearable devices by exploring wireless radio as a new sensing modality on wearable devices for human physical activity, vital sign, and context sensing. Compared to existing sensing modalities in wearable devices, radio provides a contactless and privacy-preserving approach to capture rich information about users and their context. The underpinning principle is that movements of different parts of human body caused by different human activities (physical, physiological and contextual) generate different changes on radio signals. By analyzing these changes, the activity that causes the changes can be recognized. Based on this principle, this project aims to pursue five tightly coupled research tasks associated with the goal of exploring radio based sensing on wearable devices: (1) investigating radio as a whole-body motion sensor for recognizing activities of daily living (ADLs); (2) investigating radio as a contact-less physiological sensor for monitoring vital signs; (3) investigating radio as a context sensor for identifying the object a user is interacting with; (4) putting everything together to use a single radio sensing modality for recognizing ADLs, monitoring vital signs, and identifying context simultaneously; and (5) developing power-aware schemes to minimize the power consumption of the wearable device.This project will advance the knowledge and understanding of radio based sensing on wearable devices. It has the potential to fundamentally transform wearable devices as they are currently known. If successful, this project will not only make a theoretical contribution to radio based sensing on wearable devices but also yield a prototype platform, opening up a new world of applications in domains such as healthcare, entertainment, social computing and education.