The Elementary Mathematics Project

初级数学项目将通过开发课程和相应的教育教师辅助材料，改善未来小学教师的数学准备。国家报告和政策建议强调了加深职前教师对基本内容的理解并注重数学知识用于教学的重要性。研究表明，本科生在初级课程中的成绩更高，因为教师报告说，这些课程讲课较少，学生参与和讨论较多。此外，STEM教职员工非常需要材料和指导，以帮助实施有效的研究型教学策略，如探究、主动学习和话语。这个项目将利用设计原则，重点深化本科生的数学知识用于教学，创建课程材料，其中包括问题，重点是联系数学概念，理解程序为什么有效，使用数学结构，识别小学生思维中的数学，以及从事数学实践。本科生将参与合作解决问题、小组讨论和陈述的循环。该项目将通过向负责使小学教师做好准备的数学家和教师教育工作者提供各种课程、教学工具和战略的网络访问，帮助改变这一领域。初等数学项目的目标将是：1)在全国范围内开发和测试四个关于整数概念、整数运算、几何和小数的教学单元；2)为侧重于教学实践的教师开发和测试交互式的、基于网络的PD材料；3)增加任职前教师在教授整数、小数和几何内容方面的数学知识；以及4)由于使用所开发的单元和专业发展支持，增加教师的知识和教学实践的实施。为实现这些目标，将开展一个为期5年的项目。在项目期间，将编写一个课程(30节课，每节课都有一名教育教师指导)，对3,000-4,000名本科生和80多名教师进行试点、修订和实地测试。将通过前后测试和学生调查收集关于所开发单位效力的数据，并使用包括分层线性建模在内的一系列统计方法进行分析。还将编写专业发展材料，包括授课视频、可按数学主题和教学策略搜索的视频库、网络研讨会、互动讨论板和论坛以及面对面讲习班。这些材料的有效性和伴随的专业发展支持教师的知识和教学实践将通过调查、访谈和课堂观察进行调查，并进行定量和定性的分析。教材的传播将通过教员研讨会、网络研讨会、教材的出版以及一个包括所有学生和教师教材的扩展的互动网站进行。该项目的研究成果将通过会议报告和期刊论文提交进行传播。

The Elementary Mathematics Project will improve the mathematics preparation of future elementary teachers through the development of curricula and corresponding educative instructor support materials. National reports and policy recommendations highlight the importance of deepening pre-service teachers' understanding of elementary content and focusing on mathematical knowledge for teaching. Studies have shown that undergraduates' achievement is higher in elementary content courses where instructors report less lecturing and more student engagement and discussions. Furthermore, there is a tremendous need for materials and guidance for STEM faculty members to help implement effective research-based instructional strategies such as inquiry, active learning and discourse. This project will use design principles focused on deepening undergraduates' mathematical knowledge for teaching to create curriculum materials that include problems focused on connecting mathematical concepts, understanding why procedures work, using mathematical structure, identifying the mathematics in elementary students' thinking, and engaging in mathematical practices. Undergraduates will engage in recurring cycles of collaborative problem solving, group discussions and presentation. The project will help transform the field by providing mathematicians and teacher educators responsible for preparing elementary teachers with web access to a wide array of lessons, instructional tools and strategies. The research outcomes will contribute to the growing body of knowledge about the mathematical preparation of future teachers.The goals of the Elementary Mathematics Project will be to: 1) develop and test nationally four instructional units on whole number concepts, whole number operations, geometry and decimals; 2) develop and test interactive, web-based PD materials for instructors focused on instructional practices; 3) increase pre-service teachers' mathematical knowledge for teaching whole number, decimal and geometry content; and 4) increase instructors' knowledge and enactment of instructional practices as a result of using the developed units and professional development supports. To address these goals, a 5-year project will be undertaken. During the project, a curriculum will be written (30 lessons, each with an educative instructor guide), piloted, revised, and field-tested with 3,000-4,000 undergraduates and over 80 instructors. Data on the effectiveness of the developed units will be collected using pre- and post-tests and student surveys, and analyzed using a range of statistical methods including hierarchical linear modeling. Professional development materials, including videos of lesson enactments, a video library searchable by mathematical topic and instructional strategy, webinars, interactive discussion boards and forums, and face-to-face workshops, will also be developed. The effectiveness of these materials and the accompanying professional development supports on instructors' knowledge and teaching practices will be investigated using surveys, interviews, and classroom observations, analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Dissemination of materials will occur through faculty workshops, webinars, publication of materials, and an expanded interactive website that includes all student and instructor materials. The project's research findings will be disseminated through conference presentations and journal article submissions.