Unraveling the genetic architecture of winter hardiness and quality traits in durum by genome wide and candidate gene based association mapping

硬粒小麦主要作为夏季作物种植。由于难以将联合收割机的耐寒性与所需的加工质量相结合，冬季形式的引入直到现在都失败了。抗寒性是一个复杂的性状，但在大多数地区，抗冻性是决定性的。因此，在T. monococcum，普通小麦T.aestivum，H. vulgare和S.cereale在5号染色体上的位置，似乎特别重要。通过测序进行基因分型，现在可以基于非常高密度的标记图谱进行关联作图，这为检测主效应和上位效应提供了新的可能性。此外，新的测序技术允许基于候选基因的关联作图。该项目的主要目的是揭示硬粒小麦抗冻性和品质性状的遗传结构。因此，本研究的目的是（1）确定耐霜冻和品质性状之间的遗传方差、遗传力和相关性，（2）检测连锁不平衡和群体结构，（3）调查耐霜冻候选基因的序列多态性，（4）进行基于候选基因和全基因组的关联作图。

Durum wheat is mainly grown as a summer crop. An introduction of a winter form failed until now due to the difficulty to combine winter hardiness with required process quality. Winter hardiness is a complex trait, but in most regions the frost tolerance is decisive. Thereby a major QTL, which was found in T. monococcum, T.aestivum, H. vulgare and S.cereale on chromosome 5, seems especially important. With genotyping by sequencing it is now possible to make association mapping based on very high dense marker maps, which delivers new possibilities to detect main and epistatic effects. Furthermore, new sequencing techniques allow candidate gene based association mapping. The main aim of the project is to unravel the genetic architecture of frost tolerance and quality traits in durum. Thereby, the objectives are to (1) determine the genetic variance, heritability and correlations among frost tolerance and quality traits, (2) examine linkage disequilibrium and population structure, (3) investigate sequence polymorphism at candidate genes for frost tolerance, and (4) perform candidate gene based and genome wide association mapping.