Labor Market Mobility and Migration

该奖项是作为NSF的社会、行为和经济学博士后研究奖学金(SPRF)计划和SBE的社会学计划的一部分提供的。SPRF计划的目标是为学术界、工业界或私营部门和政府的科学职业生涯培养有前途的、早期职业博士水平的科学家。SPRF奖项包括在知名科学家的赞助下进行两年的培训，并鼓励博士后研究员进行独立研究。国家科学基金会致力于促进科学界所有阶层的科学家参与其研究方案和活动，包括那些来自代表性不足的群体的科学家；博士后阶段被认为是实现这一目标的专业发展的一个重要水平。每个博士后研究员都必须解决推动各自学科领域向前发展的重要科学问题。在普林斯顿大学道格拉斯·梅西博士的赞助下，这一博士后奖学金奖项支持一位研究移民和流动性之间关系的早期职业科学家。虽然广泛的研究探索了美国的移民和移民融入模式，但对那些返回的人重新融入社会的了解相对较少。该项目调查返乡移民、重新融入劳动力市场和重复移民行为。这项研究将指导发送国和接受国的政策制定者寻求监测国际移民并促进回返者在劳动力市场重新融入。这项拟议的研究解决了四个广泛的问题：第一，在返乡移民中，最常见的劳动力市场轨迹是什么？其次，为什么一些返乡移民实现了向上流动，而另一些人则漂流到不受监管的经济的边缘？第三，回流移民重新融入劳动力市场对他们随后的国内或国际移民风险有何影响？第四，回流移民的劳动力市场轨迹和迁移行为在时间和空间上是如何变化的？为了解决上述问题，PI将1)使用序列分析来确定返回移民中不同的劳动力市场轨迹；2)将风险模型与竞争风险相匹配，以预测进入不同劳动力市场轨迹；3)测试回归者劳动力市场轨迹与他们的社会经济地位-收入和财富之间的关联；4)拟合多项Logistic回归模型，以评估回归移民的劳动力市场轨迹对重新移民到美国或国内移民的几率的影响；5)使用分层模型和交互项来评估劳动力市场重新融入和跨时间和空间重复迁移的变化。本研究对国际移民与经济流动的研究有四点贡献。首先，利用序列分析，PI将绘制返乡移民不同的劳动力市场经历。其次，利用这些轨迹，PI将确定理论预期如何与回流移民观察到的劳动力市场经验相匹配。第三，该项目通过研究重新融入劳动力市场与重复或国内移徙几率之间的关系，增进了对国际移徙永久化的认识。第四，这个项目调查了时间和空间如何反过来塑造移民的劳动力市场轨迹和重复移民行为。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This award was provided as part of NSF's Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences Postdoctoral Research Fellowships (SPRF) program and SBE's Sociology program. The goal of the SPRF program is to prepare promising, early career doctoral-level scientists for scientific careers in academia, industry or private sector, and government. SPRF awards involve two years of training under the sponsorship of established scientists and encourage Postdoctoral Fellows to perform independent research. NSF seeks to promote the participation of scientists from all segments of the scientific community, including those from underrepresented groups, in its research programs and activities; the postdoctoral period is considered to be an important level of professional development in attaining this goal. Each Postdoctoral Fellow must address important scientific questions that advance their respective disciplinary fields. Under the sponsorship of Dr. Douglas Massey at Princeton University, this postdoctoral fellowship award supports an early career scientist investigating the relation between migration and mobility. While extensive research explores patterns of migration and immigrant incorporation in the United States, comparatively little is known about the reintegration of those who return. This project investigates return migrants labor market reintegration and repeat migration behavior. This study will guide policymakers in sending and receiving countries as they seek to monitor international migration and facilitate returnees' labor market reincorporation. The proposed research addresses four broad questions: First, what are the most common labor market trajectories among return migrants? Second, why do some return migrants achieve upward mobility while others drift to the margins of the unregulated economy? Third, how does return migrants' labor market reintegration affect their risk of subsequent internal or international migrations? Fourth, how do return migrants' labor market trajectories and migration behaviors vary across time and space? To address the stated questions, the PI will 1) use sequence analysis to identify distinct labor market trajectories among return migrants; 2) fit hazard models with competing risks to predict entry into different labor market trajectories; 3) test the association between returnees' labor market trajectories and their socioeconomic status - income and wealth; 4) fit multinomial logistic regression models to assess the effect of return migrants' labor market trajectories on the odds of re-migrating to the United States or migrating internally; 5) use stratified models and interaction terms to assess changes in labor market reintegration and repeat migration across time and space. This study makes four contributions to research on international migration and economic mobility. First, using sequence analysis, the PI will map return migrants' heterogeneous labor market experiences. Second, using these trajectories, the PI will determine how theoretical expectations match return migrants' observed labor market experiences. Third, this project advances knowledge about the perpetuation of international migration by examining the relation between labor market reintegration and the odds of repeat or internal migration. Fourth, this project investigates how time and space in turn shape return migrants' labor market trajectories and repeat migration behavior.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.