Gyroscope Like Metal Complexes

美国国家科学基金会化学部的化学合成计划支持德克萨斯农工大学约翰·格拉迪斯教授领导的研究。该项目专注于用作陀螺仪的分子的设计和合成。这些化合物在传感器和制导设备方面有潜在的应用。与传统的机械陀螺仪一样，新分子也有一个刚性的轴，由磷-金属-磷键和连接到可能绕轴旋转的极性磷原子的柔性连接基团组成。机械陀螺仪是由安装在轮子或圆盘上的轮子或圆盘组成的设备，可以绕轴快速旋转。该项目的目标是创造出既像机械陀螺仪又能复制其功能的分子。这项研究很重要，因为它展示了复杂的设计和合成方案，可能会使新的分子机器得以构建。该项目为本科生、研究生和博士后同事以及高中生和教师提供广泛的培训。该团队在合成、表征技术、口头陈述技能、报告写作、实验室安全、数据管理以及在性别、种族和国籍方面不同的团队中工作方面获得了专业知识。研究成果在同行评议的科学文献(包括开放获取媒体)、本科生小组的讲座、非专业公众的“开放参观”以及不同的会议和会议上传播。本项目的重点是陀螺仪状金属基分子转子的合成、基本结构和动力学性质以及反应性。这些分子陀螺仪的特点是金属碎片包裹在笼状的反式双桥头双膦配体中，其中的磷原子被三个碳氢链跨越。如果配体相对于连接足够小，则金属单元在笼子内旋转。具有平行轴的陀螺仪类单元的阵列可以通过允许旋转器相互作用的间隔来合成，从而加强相关的运动，例如在变速箱中。金属碎片也可以被去除，提供了新的大环双桥头双膦类化合物。这些配位体能够将自身“内翻”，并被用作容器分子，将贵金属从一个水相输送到另一个水相，留下贱金属。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The Chemical Synthesis Program of the Chemistry Division of the National Science Foundation supports the research led by Professor John Gladysz of Texas A & M University. The project focuses on the design and synthesis of molecules that act as gyroscopes. These compounds have potential applications for sensors and guidance devices. Like classic mechanical gyroscopes - a device consisting of a wheel or disk mounted so that it can spin rapidly about an axis, the new molecules have a rigid axis composed of phosphorus-metal-phosphorus bonds and flexible linking groups connected to the polar phosphorus atoms that may rotate about the axis. This project aims to create molecules that both resemble mechanical gyroscopes and reproduce their functions. This research is important as it demonstrates complex design and synthesis protocols that may enable new molecular machines to be constructed. This project provides broad training for undergraduate, graduate student, and postdoctoral coworkers, as well as high school students and teachers. The team acquires expertise in synthesis, characterization techniques, oral presentation skills, report writing, laboratory safety, data management, and working in teams that are diverse with respect to gender, ethnicity, and nationality. Results are disseminated in the peer-reviewed scientific literature (including open access media), in lectures to undergraduate groups, at "open houses" for the lay public, and at diverse meetings and conferences.This project focuses on the synthesis, fundamental structural and dynamic properties, and reactivity of gyroscope-like metal-based molecular rotors. These molecular gyroscopes feature a metal fragment encased in a cage-like trans-dibridgehead diphosphine ligand in which the phosphorus atoms are spanned by three hydrocarbon chains. If the ligands are sufficiently small relative the linkages, the metal units rotate within the cage. Arrays of gyroscope-like units with parallel axes can be synthesized with spacings that allow the rotators to interact, enforcing correlated motion such as in gearboxes. The metal fragments also can be removed, providing new classes of macrocyclic dibridgehead diphosphines. These ligands are able to turn themselves "inside out", and be applied as container molecules that transport precious metals from one aqueous phase to another, leaving base metals behind.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.