Layered Inorganic Solids as Building Blocks for Functional Materials

DMR-1807116：2004年，石墨烯的发现，单层片的石墨积木，提醒科学界，二维（2D）材料可以有根本不同的性质从化学上类似的固体，其中键是三维的。2D材料在微电子、催化、润滑、盐水淡化和许多其他领域有着新兴的应用。该领域的挑战之一是开发温和的化学方法，可以将2D片材彼此分离而不损坏它们，并通过化学键将它们连接到其他材料。该项目由NSF材料研究部的固态和材料化学计划资助，通过测量分子，离子和2D材料主要家族的片材之间的相互作用能量来研究这些分离过程的基本原理：有机和无机。研究人员还研究了可以将一种2D材料转化为另一种材料的化学反应。教育和推广活动是该项目的一部分，涉及高中学生和教师在夏季research programmes.Technical SummaryThis项目，资助的固态和材料化学计划在材料研究部在NSF，调查反应化学的二维键合材料。这项研究是在意外发现后过渡金属氢氧化物和前过渡金属氧化物纳米片之间的强共价相互作用之后进行的。主要研究者和他的研究小组探索了后过渡金属的双金属和三金属络合物的这种效应，旨在了解与界面材料特性（如粘附力，电子接触和电化学储能）相关的化学键合趋势。等温滴定量热法用于测量溶液中团簇吸附的焓和熵，并对层状氧化物和货车德瓦耳斯固体（石墨、氮化硼和层状金属硫属化物）的插层、剥离和重堆积反应有更深入的了解。合成了新型层状硫氧化物和硫属元素化物纳米片，以探索亲硫元素与其表面的相互作用。该项目的另一个方面是根据配位不饱和有机金属络合物获得的初步结果，开发用于源自货车德瓦耳斯固体的纳米片的选择性表面化学。该项目的研究与指导和推广活动相结合，使K-12和本科生受益，并为高中教师提供暑期研究经验。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

DMR-1807116: Layered Inorganic Solids as Building Blocks for Functional MaterialsNon-Technical SummaryIn 2004 the discovery of graphene, monolayer sheets of graphite building blocks, alerted the scientific community that two-dimensional (2D) materials can have radically different properties from chemically similar solids in which the bonding is three-dimensional. 2D materials have emerging applications in microelectronics, catalysis, lubrication, desalination of salt water, and many other areas. One of the challenges in the field is to develop gentle chemistry that can separate 2D sheets from each other without damaging them, and connect them to other materials through chemical bonds. This project, funded by the Solid State and Materials Chemistry program in the Division of Materials Research at NSF, studies the fundamentals of these separation processes by measuring the energy of interactions between molecules, ions, and sheets of the major families of 2D materials: both organic and inorganic in nature. The researchers also investigate chemical reactions that can transform one kind of 2D material into another. Education and outreach activities are part of the project by involving high school students and teachers in summer research programs.Technical SummaryThis project, funded by the Solid State and Materials Chemistry program in the Division of Materials Research at NSF, investigates the reaction chemistry of two-dimensionally bonded materials. The research follows on the unexpected discovery of strong covalent interactions between late transition metal hydroxides and early transition metal oxide nanosheets. The principle investigator and his research group explore this effect with bi- and trimetallic complexes of late transition metals aiming to understand trends in chemical bonding that are relevant to interfacial materials properties such as adhesion, electronic contacts, and electrochemical energy storage. Isothermal titration calorimetry is used to measure the enthalpy and entropy of cluster adsorption from solution and to gain a deeper understanding of the intercalation, exfoliation, and restacking reactions of layered oxides and van der Waals solids (graphite, boron nitride, and layered metal chalcogenides). New layered oxysulfide and chalcogenide nanosheets are synthesized in order to explore the interactions of chalcophilic elements with their surfaces. Another aspect of the project is to develop selective surface chemistry for nanosheets derived from van der Waals solids, based on preliminary results obtained with coordinatively unsaturated organometallic complexes. Research on this project is integrated with mentoring and outreach activities that benefit students at the K-12 and undergraduate levels and that provide summer research experiences for high school teachers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.