WoU-MMA: Empowering Multimessenger Science via Improving LIGO Data

该奖项支持相对论和相对论天体物理学的研究，并解决了NSF“宇宙之窗”大构想的优先领域。引力波探测推动了对自然界极端现象的深刻发现，为以前隐藏的宇宙现象打开了新的大门。新的物理学将从引力波源的一致电磁或粒子（如中微子）特征中产生。发现意外事件的能力关键取决于对LIGO（激光干涉仪引力波天文台）的详细了解及其无数的数据通道，将偶然的天体物理学与偶然的巧合噪声区分开来。哥伦比亚实验重力组（GECo）的目标是通过发现看似偶然的现象（可能是多信使的发现，也可能是在引力波探测器网络中同时发现非地球特征）来扩大LIGO科学的范围，同时培养下一代科学家和工程师。在我们这个时代，科学和商业仪器的复杂性呈爆炸式增长，需要训练有素的STEM人才来跟上步伐，LIGO的高度复杂性为我们提供了一个独特的训练场。引力波提供了一个前所未有的机会，产生了新的数据，利用多个天体物理信使来揭示宇宙之谜。发现的根本是对仪器和创新数据分析方法之间多方面的相互作用的深入理解，这些方法依赖于所有可获得的数据和辅助渠道，同时还要关注宇宙信使的综合网络。在仪器前沿，GECo将研究噪声瞬态及其与探测器异常的联系。利用收集到的引力波触发事件，GECo将在多信使天体物理学的背景下，对可能的源群提供统计推断。GECo将进行天体物理学搜索，使用除GWs外的多种宇宙信使，重点是高能中微子。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This award supports research in relativity and relativistic astrophysics and it addresses the priority areas of NSF's "Windows on the Universe" Big Idea. Gravitational wave detections drive profound discoveries at nature’s extremes, opening new doors on previously hidden cosmic phenomena. New physics will arise from coincident electromagnetic or particle (such as neutrino) signatures of gravitational wave sources. The ability to discover the unexpected critically depends on a detailed understanding of LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory) and its myriads of data channels distinguishing the serendipitous astrophysics from the chance coincidence of noise. The Columbia Experimental Gravity group (GECo) aims to expand the reach of LIGO science by uncovering the seemingly serendipitous - be that a multimessenger discovery or concurrence of non-terrestrial signature in a network of gravitational-wave detectors – while also training the next generation of scientists and engineers. LIGO's high complexity provides a unique training ground in our era when the complexity of scientific and commercial instruments explodes and the availability of highly trained STEM minds is needed to keep pace.Gravitational waves provide an unprecedented opportunity born of new data to expose cosmic puzzles using multiple astrophysical messengers. At the root of discovery is an in-depth understanding of the multifaceted interplay between the instruments and innovative data analysis approaches relying on all accessible data and auxiliary channels, while also keeping an eye on the comprehensive mesh of cosmic messengers. On the instrumental frontier, GECo will study noise transients and their connection to detector anomalies. Using collected gravitational wave trigger events, GECo will provide statistical inference on possible source populations, among others, in the context of multimessenger astrophysics. GECo will carry out astrophysics searches, using multiple cosmic messengers besides GWs with emphasis on high energy-neutrinos.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.