Completing the Development of the Electronic Test of Early Numeracy (e-TEN)

该项目由探索研究Pre-K-12项目资助，该项目资助STEM创新和评估、教学和学习方法的研究和开发。探索研究preK-12项目（DRK-12）旨在通过研究和开发创新资源、模型和工具，显著提高preK-12学生和教师对科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）的学习和教学。该项目继续并完成了英语和西班牙语早期算术电子测试（e-TEN）的开发和改进，重点是为年轻学习者提供数字和运算。评估采用学习轨迹方法，描述学生对数字理解的发展。电子评估允许测试适应学生的反应，并结合游戏增加孩子们对任务的参与。这些特性利用了电子格式。成绩测试的设计是高效的，用户友好的，负担得起的，适用于各种学习环境和广泛的年龄范围的学生（3至8岁）。评估设计的目标是创建一种比现有措施更准确、更广泛的儿童更容易获得、更容易管理的措施。拟议的活动还包括制定10项独立但相等的计算机适应性测试，为3-8岁儿童编制一个完整的通用比例结构，记录每隔10个月计算能力的变化。这些努力将按照国家规范以英语和西班牙语进行验证。e-TEN测试评估非正式和正式的数字知识和运算，包括口头计数、编号、数字关系以及心理加法和减法。这些项目使用基于领域的学习轨迹来设计，描述学生对数字主题理解的发展。该测试具有一些关键特性。在6个月的年龄跨度内是半适应性的。它有一个电子格式，允许统一的实施和有效的、用户友好的管理。西班牙语使用者可以使用跨多个平台的包容性评估模型进行测试。基于游戏的方面提高了孩子们的参与度，并提供了更多有意义的任务。用户友好的方面包括与其他幼儿计算能力测试相比，简化了评估过程。开发的第一阶段测试e-TEN的初步版本，以测试其功能和可行性。这些后期阶段对项目进行规范，并检验其信度和效度特征。信度评估采用项目反应理论方法和重测信度测量。效度考察标准预测效度和构念效度的其他方面。工作的最后阶段包括创建一个西班牙语版本的测试，包括收集使用两种版本的e-TEN计算测试的双语儿童的数据。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project is funded by the Discovery Research Pre-K-12 Program, which funds research and development of STEM innovations and approaches in assessment, teaching, and learning. The Discovery Research preK-12 program (DRK-12) seeks to significantly enhance the learning and teaching of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) by preK-12 students and teachers, through research and development of innovative resources, models, and tools.The project continues and completes the development and refinement of an electronic Test of Early Numeracy (e-TEN) in English and Spanish, focused on number and operations for young learners. The assessment incorporates a learning trajectory approach that describes students' development of the understanding of number. The electronic assessment allows for the test to adapt to students' responses and incorporate games increasing children's engagement with the tasks. These features take advantage of the electronic format. The achievement test is designed to be efficient, user-friendly, affordable, and accessible for a variety of learning environments and a broad age range of students (3 to 8 years old). The goal of the assessment design is to create a measure that is more accurate, more accessible to a wider range of children, and easier to administer than existing measures. The proposed activities also include establishing 10 separate but equated computer adaptive tests to produce a complete commonly scaled construct for ages 3-8, capturing change in numeracy ability across 10 six-month intervals. These efforts will be validated in both English and Spanish with national norms. The e-TEN assesses informal and formal knowledge of number and operations in domains including verbal counting, numbering, numerical relationships, as well as mental addition and subtraction. The items are designed using domain-based learning trajectories that describe students' development of understanding of the numerical topics. The test is designed with some key characteristics. It is semi-adaptive over six-month age spans. It has an electronic format that allows for uniform implementation and an efficient, user-friendly administration. The test is accessible to Spanish speakers using an inclusive assessment model across a number of platforms. The game-based aspect increases children's engagement and presents more meaningful tasks. The user-friendly aspect includes simplifying the assessment process compared to other tests of numeracy in early childhood. The first phase of the development tests a preliminary version of the e-TEN to test its functionality and feasibility. These later phases norm the items, and examines its reliability and validity characteristics. Reliability is assessed using Item Response Theory methods and test-retest reliability measures. Validity examines criterion-prediction validity and other aspects of construct validity. The final phase of the work includes creating a Spanish version of the test including collecting data from bilingual children using both versions of the e-TEN numeracy measure.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.