Core-shell nanoparticle microgel hybrids as smart carriers for catalysis

由纳米粒子、蛋白质和智能胶体核壳微凝胶组成的杂化物作为载体粒子在催化和生物催化中具有很大的应用潜力。基于丙烯酰胺的微凝胶在较低的临界溶液温度下表现出所谓的体积相变，这使它们被称为智能微凝胶。除了它们的应用，这个项目的目标粒子是有趣的模型系统，研究这种智能系统的属性。此外，它们还是研究胶体科学基本问题的有趣模型系统。本项目旨在合成和研究属于这类的新型核（多）壳材料，主要目标是创建多功能系统。更详细地说，该项目涉及由具有核-（多）壳结构的载体制成的混合物，所述核-（多）壳结构包括例如被一个或两个刺激敏感聚合物网络壳覆盖的磁芯。在初步工作中，我们能够证明，嵌入由两种响应聚合物制成的核壳颗粒中的纳米颗粒的催化活性可以完全切换。在本项目中，内聚合物壳层随后将被统计分布在响应网络内的催化活性纳米颗粒官能化。这一概念也将用于生产生物纳米聚合物混合物。为此目的，有必要开发允许将纳米颗粒或酶化学偶联到杂交体的内部聚合物聚合物壳的合成方法。

Hybrids made of nanoparticles, proteins and smart colloidal core-shell microgels as carrier particles have high potential for applications in catalysis and biocatalysis. Acrylamide based microgels exhibit a so-called volume phase transition at the lower critical solution temperature granting them the name smart microgels. Besides their applications, the target particles of this project are interesting model systems to study properties of such smart system. Moreover, they are interesting model systems for the study of fundamental problems in colloid science. The project presented here aims at the synthesis and study of new core-(multi-)shell materials belonging to this class with the major target to create multifunctional systems. In more detail, the project deals with hybrids made of carriers with a core-(multi-)shell structure comprising e.g. a magnetic core covered by one or two stimulus sensitive polymer network shells. In preliminary work, we were able to show that the catalytic activity of nanoparticles embeded in core-shell particles made of two responsive polymers can be switched of completely. In the present project the inner polymer-shell will be subsequently functionalized with catalytically active nanoparticles distributed statistically inside the responsive network. This concept will also be used to produce bio-nano-polymer hybrids. For this purpose it is necessary to develop synthetic approaches allowing to chemically couple nanoparticle or enzymes to the inner polymer polymer-shell of the hybrids.