Interpretations and Transformations of the Doctrine of Postulates in the Debate between Neo-Kantianism, Materialism, Spiritualism, and Parapsychology around 1900

该项目的目标是调查知名作家在1900年左右围绕新康德主义、神秘主义、唯物主义、（para）心理学和（民族）新教的知识和文化冲突中对康德的假设学说的处理。出发点是观察到，与18世纪和19世纪早期的辩论相反，在上述背景下，作者们对康德进行了一种激进的新解释。直到今天，这种新的解释塑造了康德哲学的历史和系统分类。这些连词在以前的研究中很少得到考虑。该项目调查了那些冲突，在这些冲突中，与假定学说中的形而上学相关的决定性点被创造性地转化和重新解释。这将在相关作者的中心文本的基础上进行，这些作者也影响了对假设学说的解释，反对在知识领域之间划定的严格界限。对于唯心论/神秘主义/超心理学：杜普雷，鲍曼，塞林，古巴尔克，阿克萨科夫。唯物主义（或一元论）：海克尔。康德道德哲学的心理化：哈特曼、冯特和德鲁斯。新康德主义：温德尔班德、鲍赫、科恩、纳托普、里尔、维辛格、欧肯和冯特。为了确保其可行性，对1900年左右康德道德哲学的广泛接受的调查将主要集中在假设学说上。它将解决后来接受康德著作的一个中心因素，这在很大程度上仍未得到研究。这项研究大致跨越了1900年左右的时期，从19世纪的最后三分之一开始，一直延伸到第一次世界大战前夕。鉴于作者在唯物主义、神秘主义和新康德主义背景下出现的相互竞争的解释中定义和区分自己的总体趋势，分析不仅包括对假设学说的接受和解释，还包括人与世界的二重性理论。这项工作的目标是1900年左右康德解释的语境化，这是通过选择实践和修改这些战线之间的假设学说，但也通过重叠的具体立场而出现的。从这些观点出发，新康德主义的诞生也将被整合到关于公设学说的解释和评估的辩论中。这代表了对康德接受的一种历史神学探究，这种探究很少得到学术关注。从其历史背景出发，这些原始材料正在被语境化，以帮助在神学历史、哲学和系统神学等领域的进一步研究。该项目的结果将在一本专著中进行总结。

The project´s goal is the investigation of the treatment of Kant´s doctrine of postulates by well-known authors within the intellectual and cultural conflicts surrounding Neo-Kantianism, occultism, materialism, (para) Psychology, and (national) Protestantism around 1900. The point of departure is the observation that in opposition to the debates of the eighteenth and early nineteenth century one radical new interpretation of Kant was carried out by authors within the above-mentioned contexts. Up to this day, this new interpretation shapes the historical and systematic classification of Kantian philosophy. These conjunctions have received scant consideration in previous research. The project investigates those conflicts in which decisive points relevant to metaphysics within the doctrine of postulates were innovatively transformed and re-interpreted. This will take place on the basis of central texts of the relevant authors who also influenced the interpretation of the doctrine of postulates against the rigid lines drawn between the spheres of knowledge. For spiritualism/occultism/parapsychology: du Prel, Bormann, Seiling, Gubalke, Aksakow. For materialism (or monism): Haeckel. For the psychologisation of Kantian moral philosophy: Hartmann, W. Wundt, and Drews. And for Neo-Kantianism: Windelband, Bauch, Cohen, Natorp, Riehl, Vaihinger, Eucken, and W. Wundt. In order to ensure its feasibility, this inquiry into the widespread reception of Kant´s moral philosophy around 1900 will primarily focus on the doctrine of postulates. It will address one central element in the later reception of Kant´s writings, which, for most part, has remained unresearched. The study roughly spans the period around 1900, starting with the last third of the nineteenth century and extending right up to the eve of the First World War. In light of the general trend among the authors to define and distinguish themselves in relation to competing interpretations that emerged in the context of materialism, occultism, and Neo-Kantianism, the analysis will include not just the reception and interpretations of the doctrine of postulates but also the theory of the dual nature of man and the world. The goal of this work is the contextualization of Kant interpretations around 1900, which emerged through selection practices and modifications to the doctrine of postulates between these fronts, but also through the overlapping of concrete positions. From these points, the birth of Neo-Kantianism will also be integrated within the debate about the interpretation and assessment of the doctrine of postulates. This represents a historical-theological inquiry into a strand of Kant reception that has been accorded scant scholarly attention. Derived from its historical context, this source material is being contextualized to aid further research in fields, such as history of theology, philosophy as well as systematic theology. The results of the project will be summarized in a monograph.