Coordination project

过去几年的研究表明，转录后机制对基因表达有深远的影响。这些机制总是通过直接影响翻译速度，或间接通过影响半衰期或信使核糖核酸的定位来调节蛋白质的合成。在其生命的所有阶段，mRNAs与反式作用因子相互作用，包括蛋白质和各种非编码RNA，以发挥其在基因表达中的功能。由于有许多与信使核糖核酸相互作用的因子，而且每一个信使核糖核酸都是特定蛋白质的蓝图，因此产生的核糖核蛋白颗粒(MRNPs)在组成上是独特的。这就产生了mRNP编码的概念，这意味着特定的蛋白质、非编码RNA和其他分子与单个mRNAs结合，并控制它们在每个细胞中的命运和功能。对作为整体的mRNPs的组成进行了较详细的研究，并鉴定了几种RNA结合蛋白(RBPs)及其在mRNA上的相互作用部位。然而，对mRNP编码如何在单个转录本上表现出来并被细胞阅读的了解仍然有限。这项倡议旨在将来自系统生物学、生物化学、结构生物学和生物信息学等不同学科的研究人员聚集在一起，开发和应用各种方法，以便深入了解mRNPs的组成、它们是如何组装和改造的，以及它们在特定细胞环境中如何发挥作用。为了破译mRNP代码，这是我们的首要目标，我们建议结合个别学科和项目的数据，并对它们进行系统的计算分析。这将使人们能够通过mRNP的组成部分识别基因调控的一般原则和模式。在SPP的协调项目中，我们申请了会议、技术研讨会和中央设施等结构性措施，使个别小组的研究人员能够有效合作。

Research of the past years has shown that post-transcriptional mechanisms have profound effects on gene expression. These mechanisms always regulate protein synthesis, either directly by affecting the rate of translation, or indirectly, by affecting the half-life or localization of mRNA. At all stages of their life, mRNAs interact with trans-acting factors, including proteins and various non-coding RNA, to serve their functions in gene expression. Because there are many mRNA-interacting factors and each mRNA is the blueprint of a particular protein, the resulting ribonucleoprotein particles (mRNPs) are unique in their composition. This gives rise to the mRNP code concept, which implies that specific sets of proteins, non-coding RNAs and other molecules bind to individual mRNAs and control their fate and function in every cell. The compositions of mRNPs as a bulk entity has been studied in some detail and several RNA binding proteins (RBPs) and their interaction sites on mRNA have been identified. However, insight into how the mRNP code manifests itself on individual transcripts and is read by the cell has remained limited. This initiative aims to bring together researchers from disciplines as diverse as systems biology, biochemistry, structural biology and bioinformatics to develop and apply methods allowing insight into the composition of mRNPs, how they are assembled and remodeled and how they function in specific cellular settings. To decipher the mRNP code, our overarching goal, we propose to combine data of individual disciplines and projects and subject them to a systematic computational analysis. This will enable the recognition of general principles and patterns of gene regulation by components of the mRNP. In the coordination project of this SPP, we apply for structural measures such as meetings, technical workshops and central facilities enabling the efficient cooperation of researchers of individual groups.