Profession and normative orders in the development of urban special schools (Hilfsschule): Modernizing social governance (re- submission)

本研究项目旨在重建德国特殊学校的发展，以1890-1914年间柏林和法兰克福的现代化和城市化进程为重点。本研究遵循来源限制和历史比较方法，并基于以下论点：特殊学校的成长是嵌入在结构性现代化危机中建立新规范秩序的过程中。研究的问题是：市政当局是出于什么样的动机来识别（显然是反对小学教师的抵制）特殊教育学生和建立特殊学校的？

The research project aims on reconstructing the development of special schools in Germany focussing the modernization and urbanization process in Berlin and Frankfurt during the period 1890-1914. The research follows a source bound and historical comparative approach and is based on the following thesis: The upbringing of special schools is embedded in the process of establishing new normative orders within structural modernization crises. The research question is: What motives did the municipalities follow to identify (apparently against the resistance of the primary school teachers) special educational students and building up special schools?