The communicative construction of marginal social spheres: fragile interaction with people who suffer from autism spectrum disorders

我们理解社会性的边界，首先，是由人们以特定的方式将某些其他人标记为边缘人。其次，我们通过特定的地点来定义社会性的边界，也就是说，当这些特定的人可以在某些地方或地点被发现时，更准确地说，我们关注的是自闭症谱系中患有严重发育障碍的人。示例性的，我们调查何时以及如何沟通变得可疑，以及如何在严重自闭症患者的情况下构建非沟通的其他人。在这项研究中，能够进行通常所理解的沟通的人与其他人见面，他们的沟通表现往往会让前者怀疑后者是否像他们一样，以类似的方式感知世界，并有类似的需求。确切地说，这些由交际期望的刺激所导致的不确定性使对方变成了一个陌生人或奇怪的生物，并暴露了与他打交道是社会性的边界。这种接触不可避免地包括，（医生、治疗师和护理人员），就像亲属和成员一样，在治疗、护理和护理的情况下，为自己和第三方做出合理的行动-即建议预期的沟通，并期望对方做出有意义的适当反应。我们试图重建的方式a）怀疑的沟通的发生构成，B）行动者处理和克服这些疑虑，c）与不可沟通的标记其他人的沟通有关的问题得到解决，d）这些解决方案是合理的，从而如何构建次要社会性或常态。

We understand borders of sociality, first, as being constituted by people labeling certain other humans in a particular manner as marginal. Second, we define borders of sociality through specific localities, that is, when these particular humans can preferably be found at certain places or sites.To be more precise, we focus on humans with severe developmental disorders in the autism-spectrum. Exemplary, we investigate when and how communication becomes questionable and how the non-communicative other is constructed in the case of humans with severe autistic disorders. In this research, humans capable of what is commonly understood as communication meet others, whose communicative performance often raises a doubt among the former about whether the latter are like them, perceive the world in a similar way and have similar needs. Precisely, these uncertainties resulting from irritations of communicative expectations turn the counterpart into a stranger or strange creature and expose the dealing with him as a border of sociality. This contact inevitably includes, that the involved actors (physicians, therapists and nursing staff), just as relatives and members, make acting in situations of therapy, nursing and care plausible, both for themselves and third parties - i.e. to suggest intended communication and to expect meaning-appropriate reactions of the other person.On the whole, we seek to reconstruct the ways how a) doubts about the happening of communication are constituted, b) actors handle and overcome these doubts, c) problems related to the communication with non-communicatable labeled other people are solved, and d) these solutions are made plausible and thus how secondary sociality or normality is constructed.