DFG Trilateral collaboration Deutschland-Israel-Palestine: Drought Tolerant Sun-Dried Tomatoes: A Novel Product Based on Heterotic Natural Biodiversity

拟议的研究采用基于番茄生物多样性的方法来改进植物育种，并开发一种独特的晒干番茄最终产品，供巴勒斯坦生产和销售。自然生物多样性是一种开发不足的资源，可以丰富栽培植物的遗传基础，使其具有新的等位基因，从而提高生产力和适应能力。为了提高外来渐渗育种的进展速度，我们开发了一个群体的番茄节段渐渗系（IL）的标记定义的基因组区域取自耐旱野生种S。pennellii，并引入优良自交品种（M82）的遗传背景。在过去的几年里，我们的研究旨在开发耐旱的番茄基因型，这些基因型独特地适合于生产晒干的番茄。虽然携带S.在非灌溉试验中，pennellii渐渗显著增加，与对照相比，最终产量低于灌溉处理中获得的产量。重要的是，与新鲜产量的减少平行，我们测量了水果中糖，酸，维生素和其他代谢物成分的显着增加，以及水果大小的减少-所有这些都是显着改善晒干产品的品质。在该项目的第一阶段，我们已经绘制和精细绘制了提高番茄产量和质量的QTL，并将这些基因组片段引入到适合生产晒干产品的特定育种种质中。与此同时，以传统食谱为基础的农业基础设施和粮食技术规程已经发展到巴勒斯坦合作社有兴趣销售最终产品的阶段。此外，我们还开始在不同的加工阶段对晒干的品种进行化学成分分析，并确定先前定义的农艺学重要化学性状的数量性状基因座（QTL）的遗传基础。在该项目的下一阶段，我们打算测试专门为该项目培育的新的渗入杂交种，测试其化学成分，优化灌溉方案，并开发将在巴勒斯坦销售的最终产品。

The proposed research uses tomato biodiversity-based approaches to improve plant breeding and develop a unique final product of sun-dried tomatoes for production and marketing by Palestine. Natural biodiversity is an under-exploited resource that can enrich the genetic basis of cultivated plants with novel alleles that improve productivity and adaptation. To enhance the rate of progress of exotic introgression breeding we developed a population of tomato segmental introgression lines (ILs) comprised of marker-defined genomic regions taken from the drought tolerant wild species S. pennellii and introduced into the genetic background of an elite inbred variety (M82). Our research over the past few years was aimed at developing drought tolerant tomato genotypes that are uniquely suitable for producing sun-dried tomatoes. Although yield of lines carrying the S. pennellii introgressions increased dramatically in non-irrigated trials, compared to the control, the final yield was lower than that obtained in the irrigated treatment. Importantly, parallel to the reduction in fresh yield we measured a significant increase in sugars, acids, vitamin and other metabolite components of the fruit, and a reduction in fruit size - all these are qualities that significantly improve the sun-dried product. In the first phase of the project we have mapped and fine mapped QTL for increased yield and quality of tomatoes and introduced these genomic segments into specifically bred germplasm that is suitable for production of the sun-dried products. At the same time the agronomic infrastructure and the food technology protocols based on traditional recipes were developed up to a stage where Palestinian cooperatives are interested in marketing the final product. We have additionally begun to undertake chemical composition analysis of the sundried varieties at the different stages of processing as well as to identify the genetic basis of previously defined quantitative trait loci (QTL) for agronomically important chemical traits. In the next phrase of the project we intend to test new introgression hybrids that were bred specifically for the project, test their chemical composition, optimize the irrigation regimens and develop a final product that will be marketed from Palestine.