Loop Circle Arc Theory (LoCA) - New Method for comprehensive evaluation of Cross-Sectoral and Cellular Organized Energy Systems -

目前对可再生能源(RES)的使用在未来将大幅增加。实际的电力、燃气和供热系统在过去100年里一直在发展，它的设计初衷是将能量从大型中央发电厂传输到分布式消费者。要处理资源的大量波动馈入，不仅要加以控制，而且要从根本上进行改造。不断反复的调整只是一个征兆--马季奇对漏洞的修补为了确保适当的转型，必须设定一个参照目标。新的Loop-Circle-Arc理论(LOCA)最终提供了一种设计和评估该转换目标的方法。LOCA理论结合了元胞设计、分形组织和联合能量载体。细胞设计将能量平衡群体理解为自组织和自我优化的能量细胞。分形组织描述了整体及其各个部分之间的自相似性。能源运营商不会被进一步考虑和单独交易，但它们是相辅相成的。电、气、热的结合提高了协同效应。在反复使用的洛卡理论中，中心元素是能量单元，从这一点起称为细胞。每个信元正好有一个端口、一个信源、一个存储、一个转换器和一个信宿。该单元提供自我管理和运行优化的算法。该项目的重点是这一理论的形成和适当工具的开发，作为设计和评估未来能源系统概念的基础。在该项目中，该理论被转化为数学模型，这是在软件工具中首次示范植入LOCA理论的基础。下面的模拟从清晰排列的小型能源系统开始，以测试和审查实施情况。最后，通过对大型复杂能源系统的仿真，验证了该方法的有效性。最终的LOCA理论提供了一种开发和评估创新能源系统的方法和模拟不同配置的工具。

The present use of renewable energy sources (RES) will increase strongly in the future. The actual systems of electricity, gas and heat supply have grown over the last 100 years and it was designed to transmit the energy from large, central power plants to distributed con-sumers. To handle a large number of fluctuating feed-in by RES it must not only be rein-forced but transformed fundamentally. A constantly recurring adjustment is only a sympto-matic patching of vulnerabilities. To ensure a proper transformation, a referring target must be set. The new Loop-Circle-Arc-theory (LoCA) finally offers a method to design and evaluate this transformation target.The LoCA-theory combines cellular design, fractal organization and joint energy carriers. The cellular design understands energetic balance groups as self-organizing and self-optimizing energy cells. The fractal organization describes the self-similarity between the whole and its individual parts. Energy carriers are not further considered and traded separately, but they rather complement each other. The joint of electricity, gas and heat increases synergy ef-fects.The central element in the LoCA-theory, which is used again and again, is the energy cell, which is called Cell from this point onwards. Each Cell has exactly one Port, one Source, one Storage, one Converter and one Sink. The Cell provides algorithms for self-management and operation optimizationThe focus of the project is the formulation of this theory and the development of a suitable tool, as basis to design and evaluate concepts of future energy system. Within the project the theory is translated into a mathematical model, which is the basic for a first exemplary implantation of the LoCA-theory in a software tool. The following simulation starts with small clearly arranged energy systems to test and review the implementation. At the end, bigger and complex energy systems will be simulated to demonstrate the ability of this method. The knowledge gained feed back and refine the theory.The final LoCA theory offers a method to develop and evaluate innovative energy systems and a tool for simulating different configurations.