Influence of kinesthetic and immersive parameters in driving simulators: Development of a scientific model to predict and design ecologically valid driving environments

由于动觉和沉浸领域的创新科学发现，驾驶模拟环境可以得到改善和设计，以便用户能够以最真实的方式体验驾驶模拟器中的研究。在这项研究项目中，将开发一个科学模型，预测驾驶模拟环境应该如何设计，以在驾驶模拟器中产生生态有效的数据(=可传输和适用于真实(驾驶)情况)。这一研究方法的创新内容为一种新的验证过程提供了基础，该过程可以最大限度地缩小模拟器和真实汽车驾驶研究之间的差距。除了在沉浸式驾驶环境中开发新的科学模型所带来的科学好处外，该行业也将从这一研究项目中受益。由此开发的基于科学模型的软件工具形式的知识库可以通过沉浸式驾驶模拟器中的资源效率评估来支持行业(与更昂贵的现场研究相比)。此外，社会也将受益于驾驶员辅助系统的有效测试环境。通过开发和评估可靠的车载系统，可以减少事故，提高客户满意度。为了实现通过实施身临其境的参数在驾驶模拟器中产生生态有效数据的总体目标，需要考虑三个项目目标：1.通过模拟器研究，获得关于驾驶模拟器中的运动参数对人体影响的科学知识。因此，四个试验组(加速时与现实相关的0%、40%、70%、100%)将相互比较。一种科学的模式将由此产生。2.将获得关于高度沉浸式驾驶模拟环境(=由动觉、立体、声学参数组成的整体系统)与真实驾驶环境相比的影响的科学知识。因此，两个试验组(低沉浸式环境和高沉浸式环境)将通过模拟器研究进行比较。科学模型将被放大并最终敲定。3.以软件应用程序的形式开发一个可用和易于访问的知识库，该应用程序是以科学模型为框架开发的。根据驾驶模拟器研究1(动觉)和研究2(整体系统)的经验数据，可以得出驾驶模拟环境的一般有效设计指南。通过与科学合作伙伴(FKFS、德累斯顿理工大学)进行的另一项研究，该模型将得到验证。

Due to innovative scientific findings in the area of kinesthetic and immersion, driving simulation environments could be improved and designed so that user studies in driving simulators can be experienced in the most realistic way as possible. In this research project, a scientific model will be developed which makes predictions about how driving simulation environments should be designed to generate ecologically valid data (=transferable and applicable to real (driving) situations) in driving simulators. The innovation content of this research approach provides the basis for a new validation process that could minimize the gap between simulator and real car driving studies. In addition to the scientific benefit by developing a new scientific model in the context of immersive driving environments, the industry would benefit from this research project, too. The hereby developed knowledge base in form of a software tool, which is based on the scientific model, could support industry by resource-efficient evaluation within immersive driving simulators (compared to more expensive field studies). Furthermore, society would also benefit from valid test environments for driver assistance systems. By developing and evaluating reliable in-car systems, accidents could be reduced and customer satisfaction increased. In order to achieve the overall objective of generating ecologically valid data in driving simulators by implementing immersive parameters, there are three project objectives to be considered: 1. Scientific knowledge about the influence of kinesthetic parameters in the driving simulator on humans by a simulator study will be achieved. Thus, four experimental groups (0%, 40%, 70%, 100% relation to reality at an acceleration) will be compared to each other. A scientific model will arise thereby. 2. Scientific knowledge about the influence of a high immersive driving simulation environment (= an overall system consisting of kinesthetic, stereoscopic, acoustic parameters) compared to a real driving environment will be achieved. Thus, two experimental groups (low immersive vs. high immersive environment) will be compared by a simulator study. The scientific model will be amplified and finalized. 3. Development of a usable and easily accessible knowledge base in the form of a software application, which is developed by integrating the scientific model as framework. From the empirical data of the driving simulator studies 1 (kinesthetic) and 2 (overall system) general valid design guidelines for driving simulation environments can be derived. By an additional study realized with the scientific cooperation partners (FKFS, TU Dresden) the model will be validated.