Career patterns and political performance of Prime Ministers in Central East European Democracies

该项目涉及中欧和东欧（CEE）年轻民主国家的总理，这些国家是欧盟成员国。更具体地说，它试图探讨一个关键的问题，比较政府的研究，还没有回答到目前为止：在什么样的方式做总理的职业生涯模式在中东欧国家影响他们的政治表现？为了系统地回答这个问题，该项目被细分为三个里程碑，在相应的工作模块中实现。第一个工作模块的里程碑在于对中欧和东欧总理的政治表现进行多层面的概念化、系统调查和比较描述。为此，该研究小组将根据二级汇总数据和标准化的专家判断，对1989/90年至2017年期间11个中东欧国家的总理绩效进行系统而详细的经验记录。这个新的数据集将是一个重要的贡献，政治高管的比较研究，并应经常在该领域的未来research.The第二个工作模块的主要目标是一个系统的调查和比较描述的职业生涯模式在11个国家的调查。这些概况包括社会人口特征以及1989/90年至2017年期间个别官员政治经验的不同指标。这包括数据集和总理的职业概况的各自映射将弥合在文学比较政治精英内外CEE.The最后的工作模块的主要差距，旨在在一个语境化的检查“个人做的事”的假设，这是最突出的比较政治精英研究。更确切地说，该项目将系统地探讨中东欧国家总理的职业生涯如何影响他们的政治表现。这种跨国家和跨时期的分析并不局限于二元关系。继“互动主义的方法”和“演员为中心的制度主义”，已阐述了最近的文献，我们将认为，中东欧国家总理的职业概况有条件地影响他们的政治表现，即取决于机构，政党制度和社会经济背景，他们经营。在对这些背景因素进行系统的调查之后，相关的互动假设将在理论上得到阐述，并在多变量分析中得到实证检验。总而言之，本计画将在经验与理论的观点上，大幅增加现存的文献。其结果将是重大贡献的政府系统在中东欧国家的比较研究，以及政治精英研究的一个基本问题。

This project deals with prime ministers in the young democracies of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) that are member states of the European Union. More specifically, it seeks to explore a key question of comparative government research that has not been answered so far: in what way do career patterns of prime ministers in CEE countries affect their political performance? To answer this question in a systematic manner, the project is subdivided into three milestones that are to be reached in corresponding work modules. The milestone of the first work module consists in a multidimensional conceptualization, systematic survey and comparative description of the political performance of prime ministers in CEE. To do so, the research group will create a systematic and detailed empirical record of prime ministerial performance in the eleven CEE countries between 1989/90 and 2017 that is based on secondary aggregate data and standardized expert judgments. This novel dataset will be a major contribution to the comparative study of political executives and should be frequently employed by future research in the field.The main target of the second work module is a systematic survey and comparative description of the career patterns of prime ministers in the eleven countries under investigation. These profiles include sociodemographic characteristics as well as different indicators of political experience of individual office-holders between 1989/90 and 2017. This encompassing dataset and the respective mapping of prime ministers career profiles will bridge a major gap in the literature comparing political elites within and beyond CEE.The final work module aims at a contextualized examination of the "individuals-do-matter" hypothesis that is most prominent in comparative political elite studies . More precisely, the project will systematically explore how the career profiles of CEE prime ministers affect their political performance. This cross-national and inter-temporal analysis is not confined to a bivariate relationship. Following the "interactionist approach" and "actor centered institutionalism" that has been elaborated by the recent literature, we will argue that the career profiles of CEE prime ministers affect their political performance conditionally, i.e. depending on the institutional, party-system and socioeconomic context in which they operate. After a systematic survey of these contextual factors, relevant interactive hypotheses will be elaborated theoretically and examined empirically in multivariate analyses. In sum, this project will substantially add to the extant literature in both empirical and theoretical perspective. Its results will be major contributions to the comparative study of governmental systems in CEE as well as to a fundamental question of political elite research .