Constuction of new devices to measure on outer and inner diameter and wall thickness with an image sensot, an ared image senseor of a X-ray image sensor applicable in small blood and lymph vessels

研制了一种用于生理实验的凸轮式直径测量仪。压力表的设计和使用的特点可概括如下。将图像传感器安装在配有一组延长管的单线反光相机的焦平面上，从而可以测量小至1000 m的血管和淋巴管的外径<micrn>。使用该量规，我们可以分辨出大约12米的直径变化<micrn>。可以使用在视频腔内的适当时间段内在所需时刻独立生成的两个窗口信号来同时测量两个不同血管的直径。该仪器还能够观察微循环中的小血管和淋巴管的网络模式，并通过将图像传感器更换为区域传感器来测量两个不同血管的外径。We.利用X射线敏感图像传感器的高分辨力和稳定性，设计并建造了一种测量微循环小血管内外径和壁厚的新装置。用X射线图像传感器的光电转换系统和X射线-电转换系统分别测量了血流中灌注造影剂的小血管的外径和内径。电测管壁厚度，计算管壁外径与内径的平衡，用去甲肾上腺素舒张和罂粟碱收缩犬肌性分布动脉的纵条。这种矛盾的舒张和收缩可能是由于平滑肌在壁中的螺旋形和环状排列，而壁是不可压缩的。利用这一矛盾现象，我们发展了一种新的实验方法，通过这种方法可以检查非常小的血管（小动脉）中血管平滑肌的反应。

A camete-type diameter gauge was constructed and used in physiological experiments. The distinctive features of the design and use of the gauge may be summatized as follows. Installation of an image sensor in the focal plane of a single-lines reflex camera equipped with a set of extension tubes which makes it possible to measure outer diameters of blood and lymph vessels as small as 1000 <micrn>m. Using the gauge, we can distinguish a diameter change of about 12 <micrn>m. Simultaneous measutements of the diameters of two differnet vessels can be made using two window signals generated independently at desired moments for appropriate periods within the video sacna. The gauge is also able to observe network patterns of small blood and lymph vessels in mictocirculation and measure outer diameters of two different vessels by exchanging the image sensor to an area sensor. We. have designed and constructed a new device to measure an outer and inner diameter and wall thickness of samll blood vessels in microcirculation, utilizing a high resolving power and stability of the X-ray sensitive imabe sensor. The outer and inner diameter of small blood vessls were measured by using of photoand X ray-electric conversion system of the X-ray image sensor with a contrast medium which were perfused in blood stream, respectively. The wall thickness were also measured electrically to calculate the balance between the outer and inner diameter.Longitudinal strips isolated from canine distributing muscular arteries were relaxed by noradrenaline and contracted by papaverine. This paradoxical relaxation and contraction may be due to a helical and chrcular arrangement of smooth muscle in the wall which is incompressible. By using the paradoxical phenomena, we developed a new experimental experimental method by which the response of vascular smooth muscles in very small blood vessels (arterioles) could be examined.