The Fine Art in Literary Works

对许多属于Ekpbrasis流派的文学作品的考察告诉我们，它们应该被归类为两个截然不同的群体或亚流派。在第一组中，文学作品中描述的美术作品是真实的，在第二组中，它们是固定的。第一组又可以分为三组：(A)这里的艺术品是著名的，如米洛的维纳斯，蒙娜丽莎，韦拉斯奎格的拉斯梅尼娜等，在这种情况下，读者应该知道他们。在(B)中，艺术品是真实的，但读者不希望知道它们，诗人或花药打算将这些作品介绍给他们的读者。西奥菲尔·戈蒂埃关于瓦尔德斯·里尔上的里贝拉画作的诗歌就属于这一类。在(C)中，无论是真实的还是虚幻的，所处理的作品都是典型的美术流派，读者很容易就能理解它们。歌德关于希腊棺材的诗，济慈的颂歌或希腊的骨灰盒，莫里克的诗或灯都属于这一组。许多小说和故事属于第二组。我们的研究考察了Prosper Merimee，E.A.Poe，Oscar Wild，Gogol，Akutagawa Ryunoske，Musil，Henry James等。在艺术对象的描述上，颜色的效果是最努力的。(2)艺术对象往往被赋予非凡的魅力，甚至被赋予超自然的力量。如里尔克的《污秽挽歌》、马拉林、茨城纪子、霍夫曼斯塔尔、詹姆斯·乔伊斯等的诗歌。

The examination of many works of literature which belong to the genre of 'Ekpbrasis' taught us that they shonld be classified into two distinctively different groups or suo-genres. In group(1) the works of fine arts described in literary works are real, and in group(2), they are fixiois.Group (1) in turn can be divided into three groups: (a)the art objects here are the famous ones such as Venus of Milo, Mona Lisa, Las Meninas of Velazqueg etc. In this case the readers are expected to know them. in (B) the art objects are real but readers are not expected to know them and the poetsor anthers intend to introduce these works to their readers. Theophile Gautier's poems on the paintings of Ribera on Valdes leal belong to this group. In (C), real or unreal, the works treated are so typical to the genre of fine arts, that the readers can easily figure them. Goethe's poems on the Grecian Coffins, Keats' ode or a Grecian Urn, Morike's poem or a lamp belong to this group.Many novels and stories belong to group(2). The anthors examined in our research are Prosper Merimee, E.A.Poe, Oscar Wild, Gogol,Akutagawa Ryunoske,Musil,Henry James etc. The anthors' effects for the description of the art object are most strenuous in the group(2) where the art objects are often bestowal with extraordinary charms or even into supernatural powers.A literary work can bear traces of deep inner influence of fine arts upon the authors. e.g. Rilke's filth Elegy, the poems of Mallarine, Ibaragi Noriko, Hofmannsthal, James Joyce etc.