Role of cingulate motor cortex on movement initation.

单细胞活动的猴子扣带皮层进行了检查，在性能的关键按下运动的手。该运动可以是自定步调的，也可以由视觉、听觉或振动触觉信号触发。将微电极插入扣带皮层的宽吻尾侧范围内，包括扣带沟的上、下岸和其半球内侧壁的扣带回。500个任务相关神经元中的大多数与按键运动的执行有关。这些运动相关神经元中约有60%在手指和手部肌肉的EMG活动开始之前表现出活动变化。结果发现，在扣带回皮质的前部和后部形成两个运动相关细胞群。在前簇中的细胞往往表现出长导联类型的活动变化，范围从300 ms到2 s之前的EMG发作。扣带回内侧壁部分的细胞很少，如果有的话，与运动执行有关。只有少数细胞的活动时间锁定的感觉信号的发作，表明感觉输入有限的访问扣带回皮质在本研究中采用的一个简单的行为范例。

Single cell activity of the monkey cingulate cortex was examined during performance of a key press movement with a hand. The movement was either self-paced or triggered by visual, auditory or vibrotactile signal. Microelectrodes were inserted into broad rostrocaudal extent of the cingurate cortex, including upper and lower banks of the cingurate sulcus and the cingurate gyrus in its hemispheric medial wall. A majority of five hundred task-related neurons were related to execution of the key press movement. About 60 % of these movement-related neurons exhibited changes of activity preceding the onset of EMG activity in digit and hand muscles. It was found that two clusters of movement related cells were formed in the anterior and posterior part of the cingurate cortex. The cells in the anterior cluster tended to exhibit long-lead type of changes in activity ranging from 300 ms sto 2 s prior to the EMG onset. Few cells, if any, in the medial wall part of the cingurate gyrus were related to movement execution. Only a minority of cells showed activity time locked to onsets of sensory signals, indicating that sensory inputs get limited access to the cingurate cortex in a simple behavioral paradigm employed in the present study.