ENDOCRINE CONTROL IN MATURE OF OF AVIAN OOCYTER

研究了鸡促性腺激素、雌二醇和去甲肾上腺素（NE）对从母鸡卵巢最大的排卵前卵泡分离的颗粒细胞中产生的基础和低浓度刺激的孕酮的影响，并使用确定的无血清培养基进行单层培养。培养4天后，将颗粒细胞分别暴露于LH、FAH、雌二醇或NE中4小时。黄体酮的产生受黄体生成素的刺激呈剂量依赖性，而受卵泡刺激素的刺激则轻微。而不是雌二醇和NE当细胞暴露于卵泡刺激素，雌二醇或NE与LH一起4小时。卵泡刺激素以剂量依赖的方式促进lh刺激的黄体酮产生。但不包括雌二醇和NE。当细胞注入FSH时。在培养的第4天，在lh刺激的黄体酮产生之前，雌二醇或NE的不同小时。这些激素的激活时间超过36小时，以剂量依赖的方式增加了lh刺激的孕酮的产生，并增加了细胞数量。这些结果表明，在较大卵泡的禽类颗粒细胞中，FSH、雌激素或NE都不能单独刺激黄体酮的产生，但这些激素会使细胞增加对LH产生黄体酮的反应性，FSH也会增加LH刺激的黄体酮的产生最大和第二大排卵前卵泡颗粒细胞（Fl和F2）纤溶酶原激活剂的活性。用Knecht（1986）的方法测量了一窝鸡的第一个和第二个（C2）卵子排卵期间不同时间母鸡卵巢内的蛋白含量，使用的是从公鸡血清中提取的鸡纤溶酶原制剂，该制剂经赖氨酸-sepharose 4B亲和层析和Sephadex G-25凝胶过滤纯化。Fl和F2的活性变化相似，在C2排卵期前12 h较高，而在排卵期前后较低。结果提示，母鸡卵巢颗粒细胞中的纤溶酶原激活物可能参与卵泡破裂以外的其他机制用鸡颗粒细胞培养基研究抑制素活性。分别从鸡卵巢第一大卵泡（FI）和第三大卵泡（F3）中采集颗粒细胞，用酶分散，用悬液法或单层法体外培养。采用大鼠垂体细胞培养法评价培养基促卵泡激素（FSH）抑制（抑制素）活性。大鼠垂体细胞FSH分泌受颗粒细胞培养量的影响呈剂量依赖性，但黄体生成素（LH）分泌不受剂量依赖性影响。Fl卵泡颗粒细胞培养基抑制素活性高于F3卵泡。少

1 Effects of chicken gonadotrophins, estradiol and norepinephrine (NE) on basal and LH-stimulated progesterone production in granulosa cells isolated from the largest preovulatory follicle of the ovary of the hen was examined in a monolayer culture using a defined serumfree medium. After 4 days of the culture, when the granulosa cells were exposed to LH, FAH, estradiol or NE for 4 hr. the production of progesterone was stimulated by LH in a dose dependent manner, but only slightly by FSH. and not by estradiol and NE. When the cells were exposed to FSH, estradiol or NE together with LH for 4 hr. FSH promoted the LH-stimulated progesterone production in a dose-dependent manner. but not estradiol and NE. When the cells were primed with FSH. estradiol or NE for various hours prior to the LH-stimulated progesterone production on 4 days of the culture. the priming with those hormones for more that at least 36 hr enhanced the LH-stimulated progesterone production in dose-dependent manner with … More out an increase in the number of cells.These results suggest that in avian granulosa cells of larger follicles, neither FSH, estrogen or NE alone stimulate the production of progesterone but these hormones prime the cells to increase the responsiveness to LH for progesterone production, and FSH also augments the LH-stimulated progesterone production.2 The activity of plasminogen activator of granulosa cells of the largest and the second largest preovulatory folicle (Fl and F2. respectively) in the ovary of the hen at various times during a period between ovulations of the initial and the second (C2) ovum of a clutch was measured by the method of Knecht (1986) using a chicken plasminogen preparation which had been extracted from the rooster serum and purified by lysine-sepharose 4B affinity chromato graphy and a Sephadex G-25 gel filtration. The activity of both Fl and F2 changed similarly and showed a higher levels 12 h before C2 ovulation and not near the time of the ovulation.The results suggest that the plasminogen activator in the granulosa cells of the ovary of the hen may be involved in a mechanism other than the follicular rupture for ovualtion.3 Inhibin activity was investigated using chicken granulosa cells culture medium. Chicken granulosa cells were collected individually from the largest (FI) and the third largest follicle (F3) of the ovary, dispersed using enzyme and incubated in a suspension method or cultured in a monolayer method in vitro. Cultured medium was assessed for follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) inhibiting (inhibin) activity using the rat pituitary cell culture method.The FSH secretion from cultured rat pituitary cells was suppressed by experimental increasing of the amounts of granulosa cell culture in a dose-dependent manner, though luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion was not affected in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibin activity of the granulosa cell culture medium derived from Fl follicles was higher than that from F3 follicles. Less