Cellulase System and Microflora on Cellulose Materials in Soil.

在本研究的第一部分，采用刚果红染色技术对土壤中的好氧纤维素分解物进行了计数。第二部分研究了25ﾟC和13ﾟC条件下施药百菌清对土壤中纤维素分解过程的影响。农药导致纤维素分解缓慢，纤维素片上真菌菌群移动。在13ﾟC下，对照土壤中立枯丝核菌的相对优势度和出现频率较高，而施药土壤中的相对优势度和相对频率较低。用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对提取的纤维素酶，特别是CMC酶进行了分析。随着培养温度和农药用量的不同，也就是纤维素膜上微生物菌群的不同，检测到了几种同工酶图谱。这些结果部分发表在《土壤科学》上。植物坚果，39,361-365,1993，害虫科学杂志。18225-230,285-292(1993)。

In the first part of this study, a method in which the Congo red staining technique was applied was adopted for enumerating aerobic cellulose decomposers in soil. By this new method, the shortcomings of the original method of CMC plate such as overlapping, lack of definition and disappearance of clear zones were overcome considerably.In the next part, the effect of a fungicide, chlorothalonil application on cellulose decomposing process in soil at 25ﾟC and 13ﾟC.The pesticide caused the retardation of cellulose decomposition and the shifts in the fungal flora on the cellulose sheets. Relative dominance and frequency of a fungal species, Rhizoctonia solani, at 13ﾟC were high in the control soil but low in the pesticide applied soil.The simple method which can be used to extract free cellulases from cellulose materials in soil was developed. The cellulases, especially CMCases to be extracted by the method were analyzed by poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis. Several isozyme patterns were detected in compliance with the difference of incubation temperature and the pesticide dosage, that is, the difference of microfungal flora on the cellulose sheet.These results in part were published in Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 39,361-365,1993, J.Pestiscide Sci. 18,225-230,285-292 (1993).