A Study on the Development of Restructuring and Reorganization of Vocational Training in the Iron and Steel Industry.

1980年以来，钢铁工业生产过程技术创新的特点是计算机化的进步。在BIron厂，计算机化第三阶段已经开始，钢铁工作正在从硬件控制向软件控制转移，在流水线作业中，生产设施的运行工作比进度自动化更重要的是监控工人。但还是要靠体力劳动来调停。就正常操作而言，经验的重要性下降是事实。然而，经验在故障的沟通中起着重要作用，另一方面，计算机化的进步也对维修工作产生了很大的影响。由于将计算机引入维修部分，我们客观上对维修工作有了经验技能，也有了将其作为知识学习的可能性。即用维修工作的经验技能代替科学技术知识。目前，钢铁企业在岗位扩大化、生产线与维修环节多技工并举方面有了进步，教育培训与升级换代管理相结合的力度比1970年更大。维修工作与科智工作、判断要素相结合，要求“脱岗培训”。维修工的智力和解决问题的能力是需要的，我们不能仅仅通过“在职培训”来获得他们的能力，而要通过“脱岗培训”来满足他们的能力。钢铁行业的小群体活动被称为JK活动。JK活动通过企业内部的教育和培训，对人力资源开发起着重要的作用。

Since 1980, character of technical innovation in production process of iron and steel industry is progress of computerization. In the Biron works, the third stage of computerization is started, iron and steel work is transferring from hardware-control to software-control.In the case of line work, operation work of production facilities have a far greater importance of monitoring labor in relation to progress automation. But it is still necessary to be mediated by manual labor. As far as normal operating is concerned, it is fact that importance of experience decrease. However, experience plays an important part in the correspondence of trouble.On the other hand, progress of computerization too had a great influence on maintenance work. On account of introduction of computer into maintenance part, we have objectively experiential skill of maintenance work and we have possibility to learn as knowledge. Namely, we substitute experiential skill of maintenance work for scientific-technical knowledge.At the present time, we have a progress in job enlargement, multi-skilled worker between line part and maintenance part in iron and steel work.Combination of education-training and management of promotion and upgrading intensified more than in 1970.Maintenance work with scientific-intelligent work and judgment element demands "off the job training". Maintenancemen are demanded intelligence and problem solving ability, and we cannot acquire its ability only "on the job training" , but are able to satisfy its ability with "off the job training" .Small group activity in iron and steel industry are called JK activity. JK activity play important part of man-power development with education and training within enterprise.