A study on the type of phonological structure of Japanese dialects distributed in peripheral area.

根据1995年及以前的田野调查资料，1996年的调查集中在琉球南部方言的内部划分上。本文比较分析了琉球南部11种方言(与国方言、稻草方言、Hateruma方言、荒九州方言、Taketomi方言、石垣方言、Tarama方言、平原方言、长滨方言、Ikema方言、Oogami方言)在语音结构和音位对应上的差异。一种是集中分布的，基本上有四个元音，包括中性元音；另一个是边缘分布的，有三个元音，但有一个中性的元音。前者通过声学分析，肯定了天神方言的轻声元音与其他方言的轻声元音相比具有明显的后进性，也就是没有其他方言轻声中常见的摩擦噪声。再论大上方言，…的清音从历时的角度来看，中心方言的轻声元音不仅与[i]元音对应，而且与外围方言中的其他几个音节对应，因此假设中央方言比外围方言处于老阶段，中性元音的不稳定性应该经历了[i]移位、音节辅音、舌化等多种变化。在此基础上，本文将南方琉球方言的语音对应数据应用到多元分析中林的第三量化理论。统计分析的结果是，琉球南部方言可以初步分为两类，一类是中性元音，另一类如上文所预期的那样没有中性元音。其次，天神方言可以与其他方言区分开来，主要表现在中性元音的落后，这可能会导致牙槽停顿的平坦化。较少

Based upon the data collected through the field research in 1995 and ever before, the investigation in 1996 was concentrated upon the internal devision of South Ryuukyuu dialect. The difference of phonological structures and sound correspondences smong 11 dialects of South Ryuukyuu (Yonaguni, Iriomotesonai, Hateruma, Aragusuku, Taketomi, Ishigaki, Tarama, Hirara, Nagahama, Ikema, Oogami) were compared and analyzed.From the synchronical point of view, South Ryuukyuu dialect was devided into two groups. One of which is the centrally distributing one that have basically four vowels including neutral vowel, and the other peripherally distributing one which have three vowels but neutral one. In the former, the neutral vowel of Oogami dialect was affirmed through acoutic analysis to have so notably backward substance compared with the one of other dialect, that is accompanied no fricative noise which is common in the neutral voewl of other dialects. Again on Oogami dialect, the devoicing of … More voiced-stops and the velarization of alveolar stops are assured to have occurred.From the diachronical point of view, noticing the fact that not only the neutral vowel of the central dialects correspond to [i] vowel, but to several other various syllables in the peripheral dialects, it is assumed that the central dialects are to be on the old stage than the peripheral one, and the instability of neutral vowel should have coused various changes such as [i]-shifting, sylabic-consonantalizing, palatalizing, and others.On the basis of above analysis and consideration, the data of the sound correspondings among South Ryuukyuu dialects was appled to the multivariate analysis, Hayashi's 3rd quantification theory. As the result of this statistical analysis, South Ryuukyuu dialects could primarily be divided into two groups, one of which is with neutral vowel and the other without it as expected above. Secondly, Oogami dialect could be devided from the other dialects of the former, mainly with the aspect of such backwardness of neutral vowel that would have caused velarization of alveolar stops. Less