Coordination Funds

在世界卫生组织第十一次修订的《国际疾病分类》（ICD-11）中，赌博障碍和游戏障碍被归类为主要发生在线下或主要发生在网上的“成瘾行为引起的障碍”。同样在ICD-11中，其他行为可能被认为是“由成瘾行为引起的其他特定障碍”的类别。我们认为有问题的在线色情使用（尽管这也可能被认为是ICD-11中强迫性性行为障碍的一种亚型），有问题的在线购物和有问题的社交网络使用属于这一类的潜在障碍。为了改善预防和治疗，需要研究涉及上述主要在线成瘾行为的不同类型的（生物）心理过程。拟议的研究单位侧重于最突出的主要在线成瘾行为，即游戏，色情使用，购物和社交网络使用。我们使用的总称术语互联网使用障碍（IUD）时，指的是特定类型的不受控制和成瘾性使用互联网应用程序的集合组。研究股的总体目标是促进更好地了解不同类型宫内节育器背后的共同和不同的心理和神经生物学过程。基于一个综合的理论模型，即人-情感-认知-执行的相互作用（I-PACE）模型，我们的目标是研究理论上认为（生物）心理过程的参与，特别是情感和认知机制，参与这些主要的网络成瘾行为的发展和维持。研究单元将讨论的核心概念是提示反应和渴望、执行功能和特定抑制控制、内隐认知和决策。横断面比较以及对特定互联网应用的娱乐性/非问题性使用、高风险使用和病态使用个体的后续调查，将允许识别主要网络成瘾行为过程的各个阶段。提议的研究单位的一个核心特征是，我们将在几个地点调查1450多名参与者，使用相同的实验范式、神经心理学任务、问卷调查、生物标志物和动态评估的核心电池，并包括六个月的随访调查。通过对宫内节育器中情感和认知机制参与的假设的研究，我们不仅有助于更好地科学理解宫内节育器的心理过程，而且我们还可以通过显示在预防和治疗中应该更集中地解决情感和认知机制，为临床应用做出贡献。

In the eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) of the WHO, gambling disorder and gaming disorder are classified as "disorders due to addictive behaviors" which are considered as occurring either predominantly offline or predominantly online. Also in the ICD-11, other behaviors may be considered for the category "other specified disorders due to addictive behaviors". We consider problematic online pornography use (although this may also be considered a subtype of compulsive sexual behavior disorder in the ICD-11), problematic online buying-shopping, and problematic use of social networks as potential disorders belonging to this category. Studies addressing the (bio-)psychological processes involved in different types of the aforementioned predominantly online addictive behaviors are needed in order to improve prevention and treatment. The proposed Research Unit focuses on the most prominent predominantly online addictive behaviors, namely gaming, pornography use, buying-shopping, and social-networks use. We use the umbrella term Internet-use disorders (IUD) when referring to the aggregated group of specific types of an uncontrolled and addictive use of Internet applications. The overall goal of the Research Unit is to contribute to a better understanding of the common and differential psychological and neurobiological processes underlying different types of IUD. Based on a comprehensive theoretical model, namely the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model, we aim to investigate the involvement of the theoretically argued (bio)psychological processes, in particular affective and cognitive mechanisms, involved in the development and maintenance of these predominantly online addictive behaviors. The core concepts, which will be addressed in the Research Unit are cue reactivity and craving, executive functions and specific inhibitory control, implicit cognitions, and decision making. A cross-sectional comparison together with a follow-up investigation of individuals with recreational/non-problematic use, risky use, and pathological use of specific Internet applications, will allow for the identification of stages of the process of a predominantly online addictive behavior. One central characteristic of the proposed Research Unit is that we will investigate more than 1450 participants at several sites using the same core battery of experimental paradigms, neuropsychological tasks, questionnaires, biomarkers, and ambulatory assessment, and including a six-months follow-up survey. By investigating the hypotheses regarding the involvement of affective and cognitive mechanisms in IUD in the proposed Research Unit, we will not only contribute to a better scientific understanding of the psychological processes of IUD, but we can also contribute to clinical applications by showing which affective and cognitive mechanisms should be addressed more intensively in prevention and treatment.