RP5: Effekts of acute stress on cue reactivity and implicit cognitive mechanisms in buying-shopping disorder and social-networks-use disorder

提示反应和渴望，或消费某种物质的强烈欲望，被认为是物质使用障碍发展和维持的潜在机制。内隐认知机制被描述为成瘾行为的进一步关键组成部分，包括对物质的注意偏见和与物质摄入的内隐关联。I-PACE（人-情感-认知-执行的相互作用）模型提供了一个理论框架，描述了成瘾行为发展和维持的关键概念，其中还包括线索反应、渴望和内隐认知的相互作用。据推测，压力可能会影响行为成瘾个体的情感和认知反应，包括网络使用障碍。购物环境最重要的变化之一是传统的商品购买向在线零售市场的迁移，这可能会导致当今以在线购物为主的混乱。沟通行为也在发生变化，越来越多的人由于过度使用在线沟通应用程序而遭受负面后果和控制力下降。随着ICD-11将游戏障碍作为一种成瘾行为引起的障碍，购买购物障碍和社交网络使用障碍被进一步讨论为网络使用障碍的具体类型。以往的研究主要显示了线索反应和渴望在成瘾行为中的相关性，以及内隐认知在购物障碍中的相关性。对社会网络使用障碍的内隐认知、急性应激的影响以及这些方面在两种特定网络使用障碍中的相互作用的研究缺乏。该研究项目探讨了急性心理社会压力对提示反应、渴望和成瘾相关的内隐认知过程的预测作用，在四组女性中，即有1)购物购物障碍和2)社交网络使用障碍的女性，与3)无问题购物购物行为和4)无问题使用社交网络的女性相比。除了对诊断和核心电池的实验和神经心理学任务进行调查和结构化访谈外，还将进行内隐联想测试和与成瘾相关刺激的点探针任务。将使用标准化的特里尔社会压力测试来调查急性压力的作用，并与非压力控制条件进行比较。该研究项目与RP2和RP4密切相关，因为这些项目将研究急性压力对购物障碍（RP2）、游戏障碍和色情使用障碍（RP4）的提示反应的影响。RP8研究社交网络使用障碍的内隐认知，RP7研究不同成瘾行为的内隐关联，预期会产生进一步的协同效应。

Cue reactivity and craving, or the strong desire to consume a substance, are considered to be underlying mechanisms in the development and maintenance of substance use disorders. Implicit cognitive mechanisms are described as further key components of an addictive behavior, including attentional bias for a substance and implicit associations with substance intake. The I-PACE (Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution) model provides a theoretical framework describing key concepts of the development and maintenance of an addictive behavior, which also encompasses the interplay of cue reactivity, craving, and implicit cognitions. It is assumed that stress may influence affective and cognitive responses in individuals with behavioral addictions, including those with Internet use disorder. One of the most significant changes to the buying-shopping environment is the migration of traditional acquisition of goods to the online retail market, potentially contributing to nowadays predominantly online buying-shopping disorder. Communication behaviors are also changing, and a growing number of individuals are suffering from negative consequences and diminished control due to overuse of online communication applications. With the inclusion of gaming disorder in the ICD-11 as a disorder due to addictive behavior, buying-shopping disorder and social network use disorder are discussed as further specific types of Internet use disorders. Previous studies mainly show the relevance of cue reactivity and craving in both addictive behaviors, and of implicit cognitions in buying-shopping disorder. Research on implicit cognitions in social network use disorder, effects of acute stress, and the interaction of these aspects in both specific Internet use disorders are lacking. The research project addresses the predictive role of acute psychosocial stress for cue reactivity, craving, and addiction-related implicit cognitive processes in four groups, namely women with 1) buying-shopping disorder and 2) social network use disorder, compared to women with 3) non-problematic buying-shopping behavior and 4) non-problematic use of social networks. Besides the surveys and structured interviews for the diagnostics and the experimental and neuropsychological tasks of the core battery, an Implicit Association Test and a dot-probe task with addiction-related stimuli will be administered. The role of acute stress will be investigated using the standardized Trier Social Stress Test compared to a non-stressful control condition. The research project is strongly linked to RP2 and RP4, since these projects will examine effects of acute stress on cue reactivity in buying-shopping disorder (RP2), gaming disorder, and pornography use disorder (RP4). Further synergy effects are expected with RP8, addressing implicit cognitions in social network use disorder, and with RP7, addressing implicit associations in different addictive behaviors as well.