Human Action and the Institution of Domestic Waste Management: Mathematical and Quantitative Sociology for Resolving Environmental Problems

本研究的目的在于解决废弃物领域的社会困境问题。社会困境是这样一种情况，在这种情况下，一个群体的每个成员都有动机做出一个选择，这个选择给所有人带来的结果都比没有人做出选择时更糟糕。我们在日本的4个城市（仙台、名古屋、水俣、釜石）进行了“日本居民的废弃物意识和环保行为”的调查。顺便说一句，在日本基本上有两种类型的废物管理或回收系统。第一个系统依赖于技术处理，在可回收材料的分离方案中的类别数量很少，这导致居民的分离成本降低。我们称这种系统为“粗分离回收系统”。“仙台和釜石采用这种废物管理系统。第二个系统是依靠居民的努力。因此，s中的类别数量 ...更多信息 可回收材料的分离方案较大。我们称这种系统为“精分离回收系统”。“名古屋和水俣都有这样的系统。基于这些问卷调查数据，我们从数学和/或定量的角度分析了这些制度和个人行为的影响，结果如下：（1）我们分析了实证科学中社会困境的概念，发现大约20%的受访者认为家庭垃圾问题是社会困境。（2）公共规范对解决社会困境问题具有重要意义。（3）废弃物管理系统的特性影响个人的成本意识、对废弃物管理系统的评价以及地方政府的政策。（4）生活在细分类回收系统城市的居民对垃圾管理系统和当地政府政策的评价高于粗分类回收系统城市的居民。（5）废弃物管理系统的特征影响对他人对回收行为贡献的估计。少

The purpose of this research is to solve the social dilemma problems in the field of waste problem. Social dilemmas are situations in which each member of a group has incentive to make a choice that provides poorer outcomes for all than they would have received if none had made the choice. We conducted the survey on "the Consciousness of Waste and Pro-Environmental Behaviors among Residents, Japan" in four cities in Japan (Sendai, Nagoya, Minamata, and Kamaishi). Incidentally, there are basically two types of waste management or recycling systems in Japan. The first system depends on technological treatment with small number of the categories in the separation scheme of the recyclable materials, which leads to the reduction of the separation cost by the residents. We call this system the "rough-separation recycling system." Sendai and Kamaishi adopt such waste management system. The second system depends on the effort by the residents. As a result, the number of the categories in the s … More eparation scheme of the recyclable materials is large. We call this system the "fine-separation recycling system." Nagoya and Minamata have such system. Based on these questionnaire surveys data, we analyzed the influence of these system and individual behavior in terms of mathematical and/or quantitative methods.The findings are as follows : (1)we analyzed the conceptualization of social dilemmas in empirical science, and found that about 20 percent of respondents think the household waste problem as social dilemma. (2)Public norm is important to solve the social dilemma problem. (3)The feature of the waste management system affects the individual consciousness of cost, evaluation of the waste management system, and policy of local governments. (4)The evaluation of the waste management system and the policy of local government is higher among the residents who live in the city with fine-separation recycling system than among the residents with rough-separation recycling system. (5)The feature of the waste management system affects the estimate of others' contribution to recycling behaviors. Less