Preliminary Study of Item banking System for Japanese Test as a Foreign Language for International Students

本研究报告了日语测试试题库的开发。报告首先简要介绍了日本高校考试项目开发和考试管理的现状。研究的主体部分阐述了试题库的必要性，并介绍了经典测验理论和项目反应理论用于试题分析。项目库是用于预期人群的测试项目的集合。该数据库还包含有关项目的信息，并使用潜在特质测量程序将它们与共同的难度量表联系起来。试题库通常用于（1）构建频繁管理的标准化测试的等效或替代形式;（2）作为计算机自适应测试的基础。试题库的要求是有足够的试题库，每个试题旨在测量的能力和内容的清单，以及表明每个试题在测试中表现出来的特征的统计数据，以及一种能力理论，这种理论能够解释任何测试中得分的意义，这些测试可以从库中的试题中构建出来。

This research reports on the development of item banking of Japanese language tests. The report begins with a brief introduction to the current situation of item development and test administration of Japanese colleges and universities. The main part of the research describes the necessities of item banking and introduces classical test theory and item response theory for the item analysis. An item bank is a collection of test items administered and analyzed for use with an intended population. The bank also contains information about the items and links them to a common difficulty scales using latent trait measurement procedures. Item banks are commonly used (1) for the construction of equivalent or alternate forms of frequently administered standardized tests; and (2) as the basis for computer adaptive tests. The requirements for an item bank are an adequate pool of test items, an inventory of the abilities and content which each item purports to measure, and statistical data indicating the characteristics of each item as evidenced in test trialling, and a theory of ability which enables the meaning of scores on any test which may be constructed from the banked items to be interpreted.