Molecular Epidemiology of HIV in Northern India and Pakistan

该项目的目的是明确印度北部和巴基斯坦艾滋病毒毒株的遗传发现、传播和地理分布，并提供重要的基本信息，以便能够预防艾滋病毒和开发艾滋病疫苗。我们之前报道过，HIV亚型B主要在印度北部发现，并被认为是由泰国和/或Myammer感染HIV-1亚型B的静脉吸毒者（IVDUs）传播的，而亚型C在印度南部常见，已知HIV从非洲传播。去年，我们分析了位于印度东北部的曼尼普尔省HIV-1感染的IVDUs的B亚型基因同源性，该地区与缅甸、泰国和缅甸接壤。结果显示，曼尼普尔省HIV-1感染的IVDUs的B亚型与泰国和缅甸的HIV-1感染的IVDUs存在遗传差异。今年对在巴基斯坦传播的HIV-1的基因发现进行了调查。在13名HIV-1感染患者中，7名是B亚型，3名是C亚型，2名是A和B亚型混合，1名是e亚型。巴基斯坦的许多男性工作者过去经常访问波斯湾国家，那里有许多来自东南亚的商业性工作者。虽然7种B型病毒株中有1种与非洲B型病毒株相似，但6种B型病毒株与泰国和缅甸的B型病毒株不在同一聚集群中，但与美国B型病毒株非常接近。数据表明，波斯湾国家感染的HIV-1 B型病毒患者是通过美国B型病毒传播的东南亚国家的商业性工作者传播的。

The purpose of this project is to clarily the genetic findings, the transmission and the geographic distribution of HIV strains in Northern India and Pakistan and to provide important basic information which will be able to protect against HIV and to develop the vaccination for AIDS.We previously reported that the HIV subtype B was predominantly found in Northern India and was suggested to transmit from HIV-1 subtype B infected intravenous drug users (IVDUs) in Thailand and/or Myammer, while the subtype C was common found in Southern India where HIV was known to transmit from Africa.Last year we analyzed genetic homology between the subtype B of HIV-1 infected IVDUs in Manipur located at north-east in India, the same border in Myammer and the one in Thailand and Myammer. The results revealed that the subtype B of HIV-1 infected IVDUs in Manipur was genetically different from the one in Thailand and Myammer.This year the genetic findings of HIV-1 which spread in Pakistan were investigated. Of 13 HIV-1 infected patients, seven are subtype B, three are subtype C, two are mixed with subtype A and B, one is subtype E.Many male workers in Pakistan used to visit Persian Gulf States where lots of commercial sex workers come to work from south-east Asia. While one of seven subtype B strains is similar to one of African type B, six subtype B is not in the same cluster as one in Thailand and Myammer, but very close to US type B.The data suggested that The HIV-1 subtype B patients infected in Persian Gulf States were transmitted with commercial sex workers in the countries in east-south Asia where US type B were spread.