Aspects of Singing and Dancing in Japanese Popular Culture

我们的研究结果可以总结如下：(1)我们保留了与外部文化影响联系起来看待日本歌舞的立场，从而分析了美国流行音乐，电影音乐剧。法国音乐厅的表演以及世界上其他各种“民族”的演唱和歌曲风格，在日本的流行歌曲（kayokyoku）、早期歌剧和早期学校歌曲（shoka）中找到了类似的东西。我们不仅利用了书面材料，还利用了通过不同途径收集的视听记录。这些歌曲被整理成“日本数字歌曲档案”，其中包括大约20,000个条目，每个条目都有唱片注释。这些档案将继续作为我们未来研究的基础，也将在我们未来的教学中发挥重要作用。(2)每项单独研究的成果已分别发表。这些研究包括流行节奏结构与假设的“文化体”之间的关系，中世纪表演及其宗教主题，当代艺术音乐与当代诗歌的关系，现代舞中的前卫和传统方面，以及二战前杂耍剧院中先前未被触及的“男孩”表演。在20世纪，那些与占统治地位的欧洲精英文化背道而驰的音乐风格获得了特权。这些风格起源于非裔美国人社区，通过美国唱片业逐渐被世界其他地区吸收。我们的研究证实，将流行音乐视为代表全球权力转移的观点，除了民族音乐学的前提外，也很适用于理解当今“全球化”世界中的各种文化现象。

The results of our research made possible by this grant can be summarized as follows :(1)We retained the stance of looking at singing and dancing in Japan in connection with external cultural influences, and thus analyzed American popular music, film musicals. French music-hall performances as well as various other"ethnic"singings and song styles of the world, to find their analogues in Japanese popular songs (kayokyoku), early opera and early school songs (shoka). We drew upon not only written materials but audio-visual recordings that we collected via different routes. Such songs have organized into"The Digital Song Archive of Japan"comprising some 20,000 entries each with discographical notes. This archive will continue to serve as the base of our future researches and will also be essential in our future teaching.(2)The fruits of each individual studies have been published separately. These include studies on the relationship between popular rhythmic structures and the hypothetical"cultural body,"on medieval performances and their religious topos, on the relationship of contemporary art music and contemporary poetry, on avant-garde and traditional aspects in modern dancing, and on the previously untouched"boys"performances in pre-WWII vaudeville theaters.(3)In the twentieth century those music styles that went counter to those of the dominant European elite culture have been privileged. Originated in African American communities, those styles were gradually absorbed via American record industry by the rest of the world. Our study confirmed the idea that seeing popular music as representing global power shift, apart from ethno-musicological premised, is well applicable to the understanding of various cultural phenomena in the"global"world today.