NSF-DFG Echem: Electrochemical Hydrogenation of Amides and Esters

羧酸衍生物如酯和酰胺的氢化代表了用于生产合成有价值的醇和胺的原子经济方法。酰胺作为一种重要的生物功能基团，广泛存在于天然化合物和治疗药物中。通过裂解C-O或C-N键的氢化提供了一种直接途径来获得有价值的胺和醇（或水）。酯也经常遇到，氢化提供了一个非常有吸引力的合成路线，以相应的醇。传统上，酯和酰胺的还原通过使用化学计量的还原剂如LiAlH 4或碘化钐来实现。然而，这导致大量的浪费，并且反应通常不是官能团耐受的。因此，寻找高效、选择性的催化方法来将酯还原为醇，将酰胺还原为胺和醇，一直是一个挑战。最近，电化学更频繁地用于构建（有机）分子，因为它允许直接使用来自可再生能源的能量。因此，它代表了能源和原子经济合成的多功能工具。该研究项目旨在利用电子和质子催化氢化酯和酰胺。贱金属络合物用作催化剂。是.

The hydrogenation of carboxylic acid derivatives such as esters and amides represents an atom economic process for the production of synthetically valuable alcohols and amines. As a primary biological functional group, amides are ubiquitous both in natural chemical compounds and in therapeutic agents. Hydrogenation via the cleavage of C-O or C-N bonds offers a direct route to valuable amines and alcohols (or water). Esters are also frequently encountered, and hydrogenation offers a highly attractive synthetic route to the corresponding alcohols. Traditionally, the reduction of esters and amides is achieved through the use using stoichiometric reducing agents such as LiAlH4 or samarium iodide. However, this leads to a significant amount of waste and the reactions are often not functional group tolerant. Therefore, it has long been a challenge to find efficient and selective catalytic methods for the reduction of esters to alcohols and amides to amines and alcohols as alternatives.Recently, electrochemistry has been used more frequently for the construction of (organic) molecules, as it allows to use energy directly from renewable sources. Thus, it represents a versatile tool for energy- and atom economic synthes. The research project aims at the catalytic hydrogenation of esters and amides with electrons and protons. Base metal complexes are used as catalysts. is.