The study on the telecommunication apparatus business and the role of entrepreneurial activities in the Meiji Era

本研究的目的是分析明治时代电信器材业的特点，这是电信业的崛起时期，以木巴太郎和岩手邦彦（岩田）的创业活动为重点。本研究首先分析了OKI公司的创始人Kibataro OKI的创业活动。现有的研究认为，Kibataro OKI是国内生产原则思想的所有者，并没有放弃与外国企业的竞争。但是，通过分析西部电气公司派往日本的卡尔顿先生的信件，可以清楚地看出木巴太郎同意与西部电气公司合作的事实。合作最终没有实现的原因是西部电气公司没有选择OKI作为合作伙伴。Kibataro OKI推动了西方电气公司产品的进口业务和日本电信设备业务的增长。如上所述，Kibataro OKI的企业家活动是在所谓的“国内生产原则”中无法理解的内容，并且具有被称为活跃企业家活动的特征，甚至会选择与外国企业的合作。另一方面，日本电力公司的创始人岩田邦彦扮演了Kibataro OKI和西部电气公司的中间人角色，他表现出了出色的咨询能力，获得了西部电气公司的认可。最后，西部电气公司委托成立了IWADARE的子公司NEC。OKI株式会社和NEC株式会社在反复竞争与合作的同时，又带动了通信器材事业的发展，OKI和IWADARE两种不同类型企业家的存在，对明治时代通信器材事业的发展产生了协同效应。关于这些内容，我在2004年7月4日的创业研究论坛会议上做了报告。少

The purpose of this research is to analyze the characteristic of the telecommunication apparatus business during the Meiji era when was the rise period of the telecommunication industry, by focusing on the entrepreneurial activity of Kibataro OKI and Kunihiko Iwadare (Iwatare). This research analyzed the entrepreneurial activity of Kibataro OKI that is the founder of Oki Co. first of all. The existing research on Kibataro OKI of is asserting that OKI is the owner of domestic production principle thought and did not resign the competition with the foreign enterprises. However, by analyzing the letters of Mr. Carlton that Western Electric Co. dispatched to Japan, the fact that Kibataro OKI was in agreement to the cooperation with Western Electric Co. become clear. The reason that cooperation did not realize finally, Western Electric Co. did not select OKI as a cooperation partner. Kibataro OKI promoted the import business of Western Electric Co.'s products and the growth of telecommunica … More tion apparatus business in Japan. As above, the entrepreneur activity of Kibataro OKI was the contents that were not able to understand in the words called "The domestic production principle" and had the characteristic called an active entrepreneur activity such that even the cooperation with the foreign enterprise would be selected. On the other hand, Kunihiko IWADARE, the founder of Nippon Electric Co., played the role that mediates Kibataro OKI and Western Electric Co., and he demonstrated excellent consulting ability and obtained the approval of Western Electric Co.. Finally, Western Electric Co. entrusted the establishment of NEC that was a subsidiary company to IWADARE. OKI Co. and NEC furthermore brought about the development of telecommunication apparatus business, while repeating competition and cooperation, and the existence of the entrepreneurs of two different types, OKI and IWADARE, caused synergy effect to the progress of the telecommunication apparatus business in the Meiji Era. About such contents, I reported in the Conference of Forum for Entrepreneurial Studies conference on July 4, 2004. Less