A STUDY ON THE ENLARGEMENT OF SCHOOLS' DISCRETION AND THE CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE PRINCIPALS' DECISION-MAKING

本调查研究试图厘清日本近代学校管理改革的主要目标之一——学校自由裁量权扩大过程中校长决策结构的变化。现代学校管理改革的显著特征表现在一些制度和组织支持系统的变化，如校长资格、教职工会议、学校委员和学校评价的变化，这些变化有助于校长的领导。这些变化将影响校长的决策结构。项目实施期间（2003-2005年）的研究成果如下：我们通过了解日本现代学校管理改革过程中学校的变化，并对校长和教师进行访谈来设计问卷。我们特别重视私营机构负责人的意见。作为研究成果的一部分，我们制作了一份研究报告（51页）《校长决策的访谈记录》。通过对小学、初中和高中校长的问卷调查，调查了校长对学校决策和决策过程的看法。调查问卷的内容包括学校改革带来的变化、校长决策的变化和校长决策的条件。调查的地区覆盖了三个改革显著的大城市。我们做了一份研究报告（115页）《学校自由裁量权扩大与校长决策结构研究》。这项研究的结果将作为我们的社会责任在一些会议上报告。

This investigation research tried to clarify changes in the principals' decision-making structure o, in the process of the enlargement of schools' discretion that is one of the main aims of the modern school management reform in Japan.The remarkable characters of the modern school management reform are seen in some institutional and organizational support system changes, i.e.changes in principals' qualification, staff meeting, school councilor and school evaluation, which would contribute to principals' leadership. Those changes would influence the structure of principals' decision-making.The results in the term of project (2003-2005) are as follows.1.We designed the questionnaires through understanding the changes in school in the process of the modern school management reform in Japan, with interviews with principals and teachers. Particularly, we regarded the views of principals from the private sectors as important. We made a research report (51p) "A Interview Record on Principals' Decision-Making" as a part of its results.2.We surveyed the principals' views on their decision-making and decision-making process of the school by the questionnaires in primary, junior high and high school. The contents of the questionnaires includes the changes in school by reforms, the changes in principals' decision-making and the conditions of principals' decision-making. The areas of the survey cover three large cities that have remarkable characters of reforms. We made a research report (115p) "A Study on the Enlargement of Schools' Discretion and the Structure of Principals' Decision-Making". The results of this research would be reported in some conferences as our social responsibility.