Investigation of zoonotic infection of hepatitis E virus among mammalians and birds

1.在日本北海道至冲绳20个县的1,425头养猪中，有794头(56%)检出抗-HEVIg G，表明HEV感染在日本猪中普遍存在。鉴定了55株与从日本急性戊型肝炎患者中获得的HEV分离株密切相关的猪HEV分离株。鉴定和鉴定了两株3型HEV分离株，它们与已知的相同基因的分离株只有81-83%的同源性。结论：1.血清抗-HEV-IgA阳性与HEV病毒感染相关。在日本12个县捕获的87头野猪中，有两头检测到HEV RNA。测定了来自这两个分离株(山口和德岛)的三个HEV分离株和之前在佐贺发现的病毒野猪的全基因组序列。它们与从日本肝炎患者和猪中分离到的HEV分离株密切相关。在蒙古国243头猪中，抗-HEV抗体阳性223头(92%)，HEV RNA阳性89头(37%)。经鉴定，3型戊型肝炎病毒分离株似乎是本土的。在印度尼西亚巴厘岛的101头猪中，58头(57%)抗-HEV抗体阳性，5头(5%)病毒阳性。鉴定了4株4型葡萄酒HEV分离株，它们的核苷酸序列与从巴厘岛一名戊型肝炎患者身上发现的HEV分离株有97-98%的同源性。这些结果表明，即使在发展中国家也存在人畜共患的戊型肝炎。4型HEV分离株是从4名食用了日本爱知野猪肉后感染急性戊型肝炎的患者身上发现的。由于在同一地区捕获的野猪中发现了两个HEV分离株，其同源性为&gt；99%，因此强烈建议将HEV从野猪传染给人类。建立了检测人和动物1-4型戊型肝炎病毒的高灵敏度RT-PCR体系。

1. Seven-hundred ninety-four (56%) of 1,425 farm pigs that were raised in 20 prefectures from Hokkaido to Okinawa, Japan had detectable anti-HEV IgG, indicating that HEV infection is widespread among Japanese pigs. Fifty-five swine HEV isolates that were closely related to HEV isolates obtained from Japanese patients with acute hepatitis E were identified. Two genotype 3 HEV isolates that shared only 81-83% identities with known isolates of same genotype were identified and characterized. Positivity of serum anti-HEV IgA was correlated to HEV viremia.2. Two of 87 wild boars caught in 12 prefectures in Japan had detectable HEV RNA. Full-genome sequences of three HEV isolates from these two (Yamaguchi and Tokushima) and previously found viremic boar in Saga were determined. They were closely related to HEV isolates recovered from hepatitis patients and pigs in Japan.3. Among 243 pigs in Mongolia, 223 (92%) and 89 (37%) were positive for anti-HEV IgG and HEV RNA, respectively. HEV isolates of genotype 3 that appeared to be indigenous were identified. Among 101 pigs in Bali, Indonesia, 58 (57%) were positive for anti-HEV IgG and five(5%) were viremic for HEV. Fours wine HEV isolates of genotype 4 whose nucleotide sequence showed 97-98% identities to HEV isolate recovered from a patient with hepatitis E in Bali were identified. These results indicate that zoonotic hepatitis E is present even in developing countries.4. The HEV isolates of genotype 4 were recovered from four patients who contracted acute hepatitis E after eating meat from wild boars caught in Aichi, Japan. Since two HEV isolates that had an identity of >99% were recovered from wild boars caught in the same area, HEV infection from boars to humans was strongly suggested.5. A highly sensitive RT-PCR system to detect human and animal HEVs of genotypes 1-4 was developed.