Pursuit and Elucidation of the Morphogenesis of Branchial Nerve, Blood Vessels and Visceral Organs, Applying Whole-mount Immunostaining and Biochisto-as well as Biochemical Staining Methods

人类胚胎学的研究在当今伦理学的形势下是难以被允许的。因此，我们关注了麝香鼩，它的身体比大鼠和小鼠更接近人体。现在，我们所处的环境下，这种实验室动物的胚胎可以充分用于我们的研究。具体地说，我们采用乳胶血管注射和外周神经免疫组化染色的方法，研究了分布于心脏和胰腺等器官的血管和外周神经的形态发生。正如已经报道的，（副交感神经）心脏分支的观察没有困难。利用上述方法，我们还阐明了这种动物成体和胚胎心脏（交感）神经的三维结构。明确了心脏的分支和伴行动、静脉的神经。关于pancre ...更多信息 因此，我们澄清了这种麝香鼩即使在成年体中也保持着腹侧和背侧胰腺。我们对该动物胰岛细胞的定位进行了研究，并探讨了这些细胞与人类胰腺的背侧和腹侧相同的定位方式。在此基础上，我们从临床医学的角度，对保留十二指肠和胆管的胰头手术方法的改进进行了探讨，并发明了一种用含0.001%茜素红的95%乙醇对这些神经分支进行染色的方法。该方法可排除神经周围脂肪，完整染色周围神经。我们可以详细地阐明心脏分支和神经的形态，这些分支和神经伴随着动脉和静脉到达心脏的动脉和静脉门。因此，这些神经的形态被发现是几乎相同的麝香。现在，我们考虑适用于所有脊椎动物的形态和形态发生的心脏分支和神经的一致命名，

The research of the human embryology is difficult to be permitted in the situation of now a day ethics. Therefore, we have paid attention to the musk shrew, the body of which is nearer to the human body than rat and mouse. Now, we are in the environment under which the embryo of this laboratory animal can be used enough for our research. Concretely, using a method of latex injection into the vessels and of whole-mount immunohistochemical staining of the peripheral nerves, we have researched into the morphogenesis of vessels and peripheral nerves distributed to the organs, including the heart and pancreas. As has been reported, the(parasympathetic) cardiac branches were observed without difficulty. Using the method described above, we have also elucidated the three dimensional structure of the(sympathetic) cardiac nerve in the adult body and also in embryo of this animal. The cardiac branches and nerves accompanying arteries and veins were clarified in our research. Regarding the pancre … More as, we clarified that this musk shrews maintains the ventral and dorsal pancreases even in the adult bodies. We investigated the localization of Langerhans islet cells of this animal, and inquired that these cells are located in the dorsal and ventral pancreas in the same way of humans. Based on this datum, we discussed from the viewpoint of the clinical medicine the method improvement of operation of the pancreas head, with keeping duodenum and bile duct.We invented a method of staining these nerve branches using 95% ethanol containing 0.001% alizarin red for dissection of the human cadavers. Using this method, we could exclude the fat surrounding these nerves, stained peripheral nerves in whole. We could elucidate in detail the morphology of the cardiac branches and nerves which accompanied the arteries and also veins and reached the arterial and venous portae of the heart. Consequently, these nerve morphology were found to be almost the same of those of musk shrew. Now, we consider the consistent naming of cardiac branches and nerves which is applicable to morphology and morpogenesis of all vertebrate, Less