ANALYSES OF SPERM-EGG INTERACTION AND MECHANISM OF INFERTILITY USING INFERTILITY RELATED GENE KNOCKOUT MOUSE

I.精子鞭毛蛋白MC31/CE91的功能表达和分子修饰我们已经阐明：1)MC31/CE9在精卵相互作用，特别是在大鼠的顶体反应中的行为和比率；在附睾传递和顶体反应过程中，分子尺寸减小；MC31在顶体反应中从尾部迁移到头部，并参与精子-卵子的附着。2)我们综述了免疫球蛋白超家族蛋白的作用(Toshimori，(2003)《千叶医学杂志》；Toshimori，(2003)Kluwer出版社)II.卵母细胞激活相关蛋白MN13的功能表达和行为我们阐明了MN13分子在受精和早期发育中的行为和作用(Manandhar和Toshimori，2003，Biol Reprod)；MN13参与了卵母细胞的激活，在中期分裂时迁移到染色体纺锤体的极点。II.精子特异性蛋白MN7(Acrin…)的功能表达发表了更多关于精子-1和精子-2分子的新发现的论文(Doiguchi等人，2002，Biol Reprod；Iida等人(2003)Blot Reprod)IV.GOPC和mGCL。我们澄清了不育症的病因与精子头尾畸形之间的关系。发现GOPC-/-雄性小鼠。成为人类不育综合征中的球精症的动物模型(姚等人，2002年，美国PRONAS)。由于精子头部和尾部的多种表型，氯化镁-/-雄性驼鹿是一种不育模型(Kimura et al.，2003，Mot Cell Biol.我们还回顾了精子头部的形成和组织与GOPC和mgGCL的关系(Toshimori和Ito(2003)Arch Organol Cytol)。V.肉碱与精子成熟和不育或梗阻性无精子症的关系目前正在提交两篇论文；一篇是关于肉碱转运体OCTN2的新发现，该转运蛋白专门定位于胰腺A细胞(KAI等人)。另一篇是关于OCTN2基因定位与阻塞性不育之间的关系(Yakushiji等人)。较少

I.Functional expression and molecular modification of a sperm flagellar protein MC31/CE91)We have clarified; 1)behavior and rote of MC31 /CE9 during sperm-egg interaction, especially during the acrosome reaction in the rat (Saxena and Toshimori (2004) Biol Reprod.); molecular size was reduced during epididymal transit and acrosome reaction, MC31 was migrated from tail region to head region during acrosme reaction and involved in sperm-egg attachment. 2)We have reviewed role of immunoglobulin superfamily protein (Toshimori, (2003) Chiba Medical Journal ; Toshimori, (2003) Kluwer publisher)II.Functional expression and behavior of an oocyte-activation related protein MN131)We have clarified behavior and roles of MN13 molecule during fertilization and early development (Manandhar and Toshimori., 2003, Biol Reprod); MN13 was involved in oocyte activatio, migrating to the pole of chromosome spindle during division of metaphase II.III.Functional expression of sperm specific protein MN7 (acrin … More 1)Papers published in relation to new finding as to spergen-1 and spergen-2 molecules (Doiguchi et al., 2002, Biol Reprod ; Iida et al (2003) Blot Reprod)IV.GOPC and mGCL.We have clarified the relationship between the etiology of infertility and malformation of sperm head and tail. GOPC -/-male mouse was found. to be an animal model of glozoospermia in the human infertility syndrome (Yao et al., 2002, PRONAS USA). mGCL -/-male moose vas an infertility model due to multi-phenotype of sperm head and tails (Kimura et al., 2003, Mot Cell Biol. We also reviewed the formation and organization of sperm head in relation to GOPC and mgGCL (Toshimori and Ito (2003) Arch Histol Cytol).V.Relationship between carnitine and sperm maturation and infertility or obstructive azoospermiaTwo papers are now under submission ; one is for a new finding of carnitine transporter OCTN2 specifically localized in the pancreatic A cells (Kai et al.) and the other is for a relationship between OCTN2 localization and obstructive infertility found in the OCTN2 mutant (JVS) mouse epididymis (Yakushiji et al). Less