Development of methods for preventive and palliative care of behavioral disturbances in elderly with dementia

为探索老年痴呆患者行为障碍的护理方法，对2个小型居家式护理机构的5位专家的护理现状进行了调查和分析。1.痴呆患者行为障碍护理的现实性通过观察老年人与老年人的互动和访谈，调查了专家对老年痴呆患者行为障碍的预防性和姑息性护理的现状。结果发现，主要有以下两类：A：行为障碍的护理B：日常生活中的护理A：照顾者的情绪变化，“了解老年人频繁发生的行为特征”，“找出护理失败的原因”，“如果老年人的行为倾向和模式不清楚，继续观察他们”。B类被逐项列出：“交流”、“互动”、“身体运动…更多”和“环境”。这两个类别是相互联系和统一的。做好老年人的日常生活护理，预防和缓解老年人的行为障碍。研究人员对这些类别的效度进行了检验和修订。2.护理指南的开发在对护理方法进行数据分析和分类的过程中，发现两个特点。一种是由行为构成的照护过程，照顾者提供的照护取决于老年人的行为障碍情况。另一种是，对老年人的护理是基于护理提供者的某种判断。本护理指南的有效性由各类护理机构的护理人员进行了审查和修订。3.未来计划为了改进这些类别和护理指南的内容，需要进一步调查专家为老年痴呆症患者的行为障碍提供预防和姑息护理的现实情况。还有必要改进护理指南，使护理人员在临床环境中易于看到和使用。较少

In order to develop caring methods for behavioral disturbances in elderly with dementia, the reality of care provided by five experts at 2 small-scale and at-home-like care facilities was investigated and analyzed by constant comparative methods.1.Reality of care for behavioral disturbances in elderly with dementiaThe reality of preventive and palliative care provided by the experts for behavioral disturbances of the elderly with dementia was investigated though observing their interactions with elderly and interviewing them.As the result, following two main categories were found.A: Care of behavioral disturbancesB: Care in daily lifeCategory A was itemized as follows: Care providers "Change mood of elderly", "understand features of their behaviors that occurred frequently", "find causes of the failure of care", and "continue to observe elderly if tendency and pattern of their behaviors were not clarified." Category B was itemized as follows: "communication", "interaction", "body movem … More ent", and "environment."These two categories are related each other and united. A success of care in daily life of the elderly leads to prevention and relieve behavioral disturbances of the elderly. Validity of these categories was examined and revised by the researchers. A whole picture of these categories based on the reality of care for behavioral disturbances in elderly with dementia could be shown.2.Development of the care guideIn a process of data analysis and categorizing of caring methods, two features were found. One was the process of care composed by behavior and care provided by the care providers depends on situation of behavioral disturbances of the elderly. The other one was that care for the elderly were provided based on some judgment of care providers. Validity of this care guide was examined and revised by the care providers at various types of care facilities.3.Future PlanIn order to improve contents of these categories and the care guide, further investigation concerning the reality of preventive and palliative care provided by experts for behavioral disturbances of the elderly with dementia are required. It is also necessary to improve the care guide that the care providers can easy to see and use it in clinical setting. Less