Research on test equating usingitem response theory and development of its software

(1)基于项目反应理论的测试方程稳定性评估软件的开发本研究的目的是利用项目反应理论（IRT）这一测试理论的最新方法提供测试方程的方法，并开发评估各种IRT方程方法稳定性的软件。下面是这个项目中处理的相等方法。(a)利用IRT参数矩与普通考生的方程设计进行方程化：M/S （mean/sigma）法、M/M （mean/mean）法和M/GM （mean/geometric mean）法(b)与普通考生方程设计进行方程化的响应函数法（Item Response function method）和测试响应函数法（test Response function method） (c)最小二乘法与普通考生方程设计进行方程化的方法：非加权最小二乘法、加权最小二乘法和广义最小二乘法(d)真分数IRT相等(e)观测分数IRT相等(f) IRT参数的估计方法上述方法中(c)至(e)为本课题开发的方法。(2)软件的发布和最终报告软件采用Fortran 90编程，采用一组子程序的形式，称为EL 1.0版本，其手册在项目经理的主页上发布。源代码应要求提供给经理。该软件是在德国柏林举行的国际统计研究所第54届会议上提出的。

(1)Development of the software for evaluating the stability of test equatings using item response theoryThe objectives of this research are to provide methods of test equating using item response theory (IRT), which is a current method in test theory, and to develop the software to evaluate the stability of various methods of IRT equating. The following are the methods of equating dealt with in this project.(a)Equating using moments of the parameters in IRT with the equating design of common examinees : M/S (mean/sigma) method, M/M (mean/mean) method and M/GM (mean/geometric mean) method(b)Response function methods of equating with the equating design of common examinees Item response function method and test response function method(c)Equating methods by least squares with the equating design of common examinees : Unweighted least squares method, weighted least squares method and generalized least squares method(d)True score IRT equating(e)Observed score IRT equating(f)Estimation methods of IRT parametersIn the above methods, (c) to (e) are the methods developed in this research project.(2)Release of the software and the final reportThe software is coded in Fortran 90 and takes a form of a set of subroutines, which is called EL Version 1.0 whose manual is released in the homepage of the project manager. The source codes are given upon request to the manager. The software was presented at the 54^<th> Session of the International Statistical Institute at Berlin, Germany.