Relationships of physical fitness, exercise ability, and muscle mass of frail elderly people with factors in their living

2005年6月，《家庭护理保险法》修正案通过了国家议会，旨在为居家护理老年人建立可持续的护理保险制度。这项修正案的要点之一是设立了一项新的预防性福利，以防止轻度残疾人的身体功能下降。为了延长健康寿命，控制医疗费用和护理保险费，健康的人永远保持健康是最理想的。然而，迫切需要对残疾预防进行干预，即对虚弱的老年人进行干预，特别是那些没有享受保险福利的老年人和残疾等级较低的老年人。在对这类老年人进行残疾预防干预时，最重要的考虑是将日常生活所需的体能和运动能力的下降降至最低。然而，在日本，关于身体健康和…的研究并不多体弱老年人运动能力增强或维持与恢复。在这种情况下，我们设计了一项为期两年的研究，旨在阐明体弱老年人的身体健康状况和运动能力与其生活因素的关系，并为残疾预防干预制定可纳入日常生活的锻炼方案。第一年，我们测量了体格、身体素质(肌肉力量、柔韧性、平衡性、行走能力等)，以及设施日间服务使用者(70人，多数为需要支持或1级护理，但也有一些为3级或4级护理需要)的肌肉质量，并阐明了这些参数在需要护理的老年人中的特点。今年，根据第一年的结果，我们评估了日间服务工作人员需要什么支持才能作为日间服务计划的一部分提供锻炼课程。然后，我们帮助工作人员将锻炼计划应用于日间服务用户，并在6个月后测量他们的健康状况和日常生活模式的变化。今年获得的结果表明，健康水平和肌肉质量保持不变，需要护理级别的恶化较小，许多日间服务使用者期待锻炼，他们也想在家里锻炼，但实际上没有。较少

In June, 2005, an amendment to the Home Care Insurance Law passed the national Diet for the establishment of a sustainable care insurance system for home-cared elderly-people. One of the points in this amendment was the creation of a new preventive benefit for the prevention of decline in physical functions of mildly disabled people. For the prolongation of the healthy lifespan and control of the medical cost and care insurance premium, it is the most desirable that healthy people remain healthy forever. However, intervention for disability prevention, i.e., intervention in frail elderly people, particularly those to whom an insurance benefit is not applied and those at a low disability grade, is urgently needed. In the intervention for disability prevention in such elderly people, the most important consideration is to minimize the decline in physical fitness and exercise ability necessary for the daily living. In Japan, however, there have not been many studies on physical fitness an … More d exercise ability or its maintenance and recovery in frail elderly people. In these circumstances, we designed a 2-year study to clarify the relationships of the state of physical fitness and exercise ability of frail elderly people with factors in their living and to prepare an exercise program for the intervention for disability prevention that can be incorporated in their daily living.In the first year, we measured the physique, fitness (muscle strength, flexibility, balance, walking ability, etc.), and muscle mass in facility day-service users (70 people mostly at the need-of-support level or grade 1 need-of-care but some at grade 3 or 4 need-of-care) and clarified characteristics of these parameters in elderly people in need of care. This year, on the basis of the results obtained in the first year, we evaluated what support is necessary for the day-service staff to become able to provide an exercise session as part of the day-service program. We, then, helped the staff apply an exercise program to day-service users and measured changes in their fitness and pattern of daily living after 6 months. The results obtained this year suggest that the fitness level and muscle mass were maintained, that exacerbation of the need-of-care grade was small, that many day-service users looked forward to exercise sessions, and that they also wanted to exercise at home but actually did not. Less