Cross-sectional and longitudinal validation of determinants of energy consumption in the elderly(with particular attention to fitness and muscle cell mass)

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This study was carried out to clarify determinants of the TEE in elderly people and to accumulate basic data for the preparation of exercise standards. The following are the results : 1) The physical activity level of Japanese elderly people was clarified by the gold standard for the first time. 2) We participated in the development of an activity meter incorporating a triaxial accelerometer for precise determination of the physical activity level in elderly people and a computer-scored answer sheet for the evaluation of the intensity and quality of exercise and confirmed their validity. 3) We devised a method to accurately measure the muscle cell mass in elderly people with edema. 4) We developed an equation for the estimation of fitness age based on aging biomarkers from longitudinal data about fitness. 5) The physical activity level of elderly people was related to the muscle cell mass. 6) A significant increase in the activity level and improvement in fitness were observed in elderly people after exercise intervention.