A Comparative Study on the Conservation Method of Historic Towns and Villages in East Asia.

在东亚国家，历史村镇的保护工作正在逐步展开，但经济欠发达地区的当代城镇景观普遍处于无序和混乱状态。本研究旨在通过实地调查，对历史城镇和历史村落的保护方法进行比较研究。在日本，广岛县福山市的托莫区是一个著名的历史港口城镇，由于在历史港口上建造桥梁道路的公共工程，该地区正处于危急状态。ICOMOS，.联合国教科文组织世界遗产评估国际非政府组织多次建议将其作为遗产进行保护，但港口城市的历史环境和景观价值仍处于危险之中。在冲绳县竹富町的竹富岛地区，一个国家选定的重要保护区的历史建筑群，一个新的环形道路周围的地区，以避免汽车交通内， ...更多信息 区的但近年来，沿着环城公路沿线又有新的开发建设工程，迫切需要对区外传统景观进行新的保护。以竹富岛为代表的八重山地区的新旅游开发活跃起来，城市规划管理却未能有效应对这些变化。在日本琦玉县川越市的川越重要保护区，周边的城市景观保护也面临困难。根据城市规划条例，邻近地区正在建造高层建筑，从内部破坏了城市景观。世界遗产广岛和平纪念碑附近（原子弹爆炸遗址），缓冲区对文化遗产价值的保护不力，即使在缓冲区内也不能因为城市规划规则的不完善而停止高层建筑的建设。相反，在菲律宾的世界遗产维甘保护区，城市规划有效地保护了核心区和缓冲区，并按照保护计划，妥善保存历史风貌。在韩国西水岛的上柳民俗村，经济发展和文化保护体制都要求村民在历史村落之外居住，并在其附近建设新的村落，以适应现代生活，发展与保护的平衡是东亚地区城市规划的共同重要任务。少

In East Asian countries, the conservation of historic towns and villages is gradually in progress, but the landscape of contemporary towns in economically developing area is generally in misrule and chaos. This study intends a comparative study of conservation methods for historic towns and villages based on site research.In Japan, Tomo district, in Fukuyama city of Hiroshima prefecture, a well known historic port town, is in critical situation by a proposed public work of bridge road construction over the historic harbor. ICOMOS,. an UNESCO International NGO for the evaluation of World Heritage, recommended several times of its conservation as heritage, but the port town is still in danger of its values of historic environment and landscape. In Taketomi-jima district in Taketomi town of Okinawa prefecture, a nationally selected Important Preservation District for the Groups of Historic Buildings, a new ring road was constructed surrounding the district to avoid car traffic inside the … More district. But new development construction works are happening recently along the ring road, and as the result new conservation method of traditional landscape out side of the district is needed urgently. New tourism development in Yaeyama region including Taketomi-jima, is becoming active, and the city planning management is not effective enough against these change.At Kawagoe Important Preservation district, in Kawagoe city of Saitama prefecture in Japan, is in difficult also in townscape conservation surrounding the district. High rise buildings are now constructed according to the city planning regulation in the neighboring the district to destroy the townscape from inside the district. Near the World Heritage site Hiroshima Peace Memorial (Atomic bomb site), the buffer zone to protect the value of the cultural heritage is not effective, and high rise building construction even in the buffer zone can not be stopped because of inadequate city planning rules.On the contrary, at Vigan conservation District, the World Heritage of Philippine, city planning is effectively protecting both the core and the buffer zones, and the historic townscape is well kept according to the conservation plan. In Joyu Folklore village in Saishu-to of Korea, both the economical development and cultural conservation system request village people to live outside the historic village and to construct new village near it for their modern life.The balance between the development and conservation is a common important task of city planning in East Asian Region. Less