Endogenous-Development-Oriented Planning Based on Behavioral Science Approach

对农村社区规划的理论思考回顾了1960年以来的社区规划研究，按时间顺序将其分为非参与型规划、参与型规划和社区主导型规划三大类。我仔细考虑了每一种类型的特点，明确了规划体系的要素以及它们之间的关系。社区主动性规划有两个不同的方面，一个是基于解决问题的逻辑思维的技术方面，另一个是关注人的动机和社区特征的行为科学方法。传统的社区规划系统主要采用技术方法，但人们对发展更加重视行为科学方法的新型社区规划寄予厚望。通过对神户市社区规划研究区进行详细的问卷调查，阐明了当地居民的意识结构及其影响因素。很明显，鼓励人们公平地制定计划的动机，与制定一个完善的计划一样，在执行过程中会带来更好的效果。动机的高低首先体现在对村自治主体的承诺程度上，其次体现在对规划目的的理解程度上。前一个因素与社会资本的概念密切相关。基于游戏模拟的新工作坊方法的发展我们对内生发展导向规划进行了简要概述，并提出了一种基于游戏模拟的新工作坊方法。这是车间方法，其主要目标是促进计划制定，次要目标是加强人们的计划动机。我们在大学的课堂上测试了一个原型，并将修改后的版本应用到实际案例中。我们最终得出结论，这种新的研讨会方法必须相当地提高参与者的积极性。少

Theoretical consideration on rural community planningI reviewed past research in the field of community planning since 1960 and classified into three major types of Non-participation Planning, Participation Planning and Community-Initiative-Oriented Planning in chronicle order. Giving careful consideration to the characteristics of each type, I made the elements of planning system and the relationship among them clear. There are two different aspects in Community-Initiative-Oriented Planning, one is the technical aspect based on the logical thinking for problem solving and the other is the behavioral science approach paying attention to people's motivation and characteristics of the community. The conventional system of the Community-Initiative-Oriented Planning principally adopts mainly the technical approach, but development of new community planning that attaches greater importance to the behavioral science approach is highly expected.Inspection of significance of action scientific … More approachI carried out a detailed questionnaire survey in the study areas of community planning in Kobe City and elucidated the structure of local people's consciousness and affecting factors. It became clear that encouragement of the people's motivation for planning fairly brought about better performance in execution process same as making a well-refined plan. The level of the motivation is prescribed firstly in level of commitment to village autonomous body and secondly in level of understanding for planning purpose. The former factor closely are related to the concept of Social Capital.Development of new workshop method applying gaming simulationWe designed a brief outline of the Endogenous-Development-Oriented Planning and proposed a new workshop method applying gaming simulation. This is the workshop method, the primary objective of which is to contribute the plan-making and the secondary objective is to strengthen the people's motivation for planning. We tested a prototype in my class of the university and applied a revised version for a real case. We finally concluded this new workshop method must fairly improve the participants' motivation. Less